The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program
McDonald, M.; Blair, R.; Bolgrien, D.; Brown, B.; Dlugosz, J.; Hale, S.; Hedtke, S.; Heggem, D.; Jackson, L.; Jones, K.; Levinson, B.; Linthurst, R.; Messer, J.; Olsen, A.; Paul, J.; Paulsen, S.; Stoddard, J.; Summers, K.; Veith, G.
Environmental monitoring: 649-668
2004
Accession: 004344535
This paper describes the US EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Programme (EMAP), which provides a statistically valid basis for determining aquatic ecological condition. The foundational elements of a national monitoring design are described: statistical survey design and ecological indicators. Applications of the EMAP approach are discussed.