Differences in the morphology of herpes simplex virus infected cells 2. type specific membrane alterations of herpes simplex virus type 1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 infected cells
Hampl, H.; Schlehofer, J.R.; Habermehl, K.O.
Medical Microbiology and Immunology 169(3): 209-224
1981
ISSN/ISBN: 0300-8584 Accession: 005151418
The 2 types of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1, HSV-2) induced significantly different alterations in the morphology and permeability of infected cells. HEp-2 [human laryngeal carcinoma] cells infected with HSV-1 (strain THEA) were characterized by the formation of polynuclear syncytia. After infection with HSV-2 (strain D316, DD), the cells were rounded up. The HSV-1 strain KOS and LS5039 and the HSV-2 strain 196 induced both types of cytopathic effect. As shown by comparative scanning and transmission EM, newly synthesized virus particles of the various strains of HSV-1 generally restricted to smooth areas of the cell surface. In these areas the number of microvilli was reduced in comparison to uninfected cells. The progeny viruses of the strains of HSV-2 were mainly connected with protrusions of the cell membrane (microvilli and filopodia). The morphological changes in cells infected with either type of HSV were associated with different functional alterations of the cell membrane. The membranes of HEp-2 cells became more stable after infection with HSV-1. This was characterized by a reduced permeability for 51Cr and a decreased sensitivity to the detergent Trixon-X-100. HSV-2 induced opposite effects on the stability of the membrane in infected cells. In contrast to these findings with HEp-2 cells, opposite results were obtained with primary chick embryo fibroblasts. Infection with HSV-1 rendered the cell membrane more permeable for 51Cr and a reduction of the 51Cr-release was achieved by infection with HSV-2. HSV-cell interactions depend on the type of the virus and type infected cell.