EurekaMag PDF full texts Chapter 7,000

Ruck, A.; Kendall, D.A.; Hill, S.J. 1991: Alpha adrenoceptor and beta adrenoceptor regulation of cyclic amp accumulation in cultured rat astrocytes a comparison of primary protoplasmic and mixed fibrous protoplasmic astroglial cultures. Biochemical Pharmacology 42(1): 59-70

Ravens, U.; Wang, X.L.; Wettwer, E. 1989: Alpha adrenoceptor stimulation reduces outward currents in rat ventricular myocytes. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 250(1): 364-370

Eskinder, H.; Hillard, C.J.; Olinger, G.N.; Christensen, C.W.; Baker, J.E.; Warltier, D.C.; Gross, G.J. 1988: Alpha adrenoceptor subtypes and receptor reserve in human versus canine saphenous vein: sensitivity to blockade by nitroglycerin. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 247(3): 941-948

Hikasa, Y.; Ogasawara, S.; Takase, K. 1992: Alpha adrenoceptor subtypes involved in the emetic action in dogs. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 261(2): 746-754

Adam, W.; Andler, S.; Heil, M.; Voerckel, V. 1992: Alpha alkoxyketones from the nucleophilic substitution on the peroxide bond of 3 3 disubstituted 1 2 dioxetanes by enamines. Journal of Organic Chemistry 57(9): 2680-2682

Lacerra, G.; Fioretti, G.; De Angioletti, M.; Pagano, L.; Guarino, E.; de Bonis, C.; Viola, A.; Maglione, G.; Scarallo, A.; De Rosa, L. 1991: (Alpha)alpha 5.3: a novel alpha(+)-thalassemia deletion with the breakpoints in the alpha 2-globin gene and in close proximity to an Alu family repeat between the psi alpha 2- and psi alpha 1-globin genes. Blood 78(10): 2740-2746

Okano, T.; Takakura, N.; Nakano, Y.; Eguchi, S. 1992: Alpha alpha difluoroalkanecarboxylic acids a general synthesis via alkyl radical addition to 1 1 dichloro 2 2 difluoroethylene. Tetrahedron Letters 33(24): 3491-3494

Lubell, W.D.; Rapaport, H. 1988: Alpha amino acids as chiral educts for asymmetric products alkylation of n phenylfluorenyl alpha amino ketones synthesis of optically pure alpha alkyl carboxylic acids. Journal of the American Chemical Society 110(22): 7447-7455

Hung, R.R.; Straub, J.A.; Whitesides, G.M. 1991: Alpha amino aldehyde equivalents as substrates for rabbit muscle aldolase synthesis of 1 4 dideoxy d arabinitol and 2r 5r bishydroxymethyl 3r 4r dihydroxypyrrolidine. Journal of Organic Chemistry 56(12): 3849-3855

Bols, M.; Lundt, I. 1991: Alpha aminopolyhydroxy acid or beta aminopolyhydroxy acid from the reaction of bromodeoxyaldonolactones with liquid ammonia. Acta Chemica Scandinavica 45(3): 280-284

Asp, E.H.; Midness, L.T.; Spelhaug, S. 1988: Alpha amylase activities in yeasted doughs with added surfactants. Food Technology in Australia 40(8): 330-332

Gutierrez, C.; Sanchez Monge, R.; Gomez, L.; Ruiz Tapiador, M.; Castanera, P.; Salcedo, G. 1990: Alpha amylase activities of agricultural insect pests are specifically affected by different inhibitor preparations from wheat and barley endosperms. Plant Science 72(1): 37-44

Gupta, S.; Govil, C.M. 1989: Alpha amylase activity in callus of cucumis melo l. cultivar pusa sarbati. Acta Botanica Indica 17(2): 168-171

Mares, D.J.; Oettler, G. 1991: Alpha amylase activity in developing triticale grains. Journal of Cereal Science 13(2): 151-160

Amelyushkina, V.A.; Arukaevu, K.E.; Tvorogova, M.G.; Raba, R.; Titov, V.N. 1991: Alpha amylase activity measurements with a new chromogenic substrate. Laboratornoe Delo 8: 19-24

Marambe, B.; Ando, T.; Kouno, K. 1992: Alpha amylase and protease activities and water relations in germinating sorghum sorghum bicolor moench seeds as affected by animal waste composts. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 38(1): 123-131

Park, K.M.; Wang, N.S. 1991: Alpha amylase assay with dyed starch in polyethylene glycol and dextran solutions. Biotechnology Techniques 5(3): 205-208

Thevenot, C.; Lauriere, C.; Mayer, C.; Simond Cote, E.; Daussant, J. 1992: Alpha amylase changes during development and germination of maize kernels. Journal of Plant Physiology 140(1): 61-65

Park K M.; Wang, N.S. 1991: Alpha amylase fermentation with bacillus amyloliquefaciens in an aqueous two phase system. Biotechnology Progress 7(5): 439-444

Fekete, Z.; Gol'denberg A.; Lukach, I.; Korets, R.; Shval'd O.; Platilova, G.; Bandura, A. 1990: Alpha amylase in mixed saliva of diabetics and nondiabetics on an empty stomach and during glucose tolerance test. Laboratornoe Delo 11: 8-12

Feng G H.; Chen, M.; Kramer, K.J.; Reeck, G.R. 1991: Alpha amylase inhibitors from rice fractionation and selectivity toward insect mammalian and bacterial alpha amylases. Cereal Chemistry 68(5): 516-521

Romanelli, P.F.; Lajolo, F.M.; Finardi Filho, F. 1988: Alpha amylase inhibitors from triticale triticum x secale partial purification. Revista de Farmacia e Bioquimica da Universidade de Sao Paulo 24(1): 50-61

Udupa, S.L.; Prabhakar, A.R.; Tandon, S. 1989: Alpha amylase inhibitors in foodstuffs. Food Chemistry 34(2): 95-102

Scheutzel, P.; Gerlach, U. 1991: Alpha-amylase isoenzymes in serum and saliva of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 29(7): 339-345

Bahl, H.; Burchhardt, G.; Spreinat, A.; Haeckel, K.; Wienecke, A.; Schmidt, B.; Antranikian, G. 1991: Alpha-Amylase of Clostridium thermosulfurogenes EM1: nucleotide sequence of the gene, processing of the enzyme, and comparison of other alpha-amylases. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57(5): 1554-1559

Monet, R.; Gibault, B. 1991: Alpha amylase polymorphism in peach a genetic study. Agronomie 11(5): 353-358

Cheng C Y.; Yabe, I.; Toda, K. 1990: Alpha amylase production by bacillus caldolyticus in a cell recycling fermentor with membrane filtration. Hakkokogaku Kaishi 68(5): 367-374

Ramgren, M.; Andersson, E.; Hahn Hagerdal, B. 1988: Alpha amylase production with bacillus subtilis in the presence of peg and surfactants. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 29(4): 337-340

Chen M S.; Feng, G.; Zen, K.C.; Richardson, M.; Valdes Rodriguez, S.; Reeck, G.R.; Kramer, K.J. 1992: Alpha amylases from three species of stored grain coleoptera and their inhibition by wheat and corn proteinaceous inhibitors. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 22(3): 261-268

Khan, M.S.Y.; Javed, K.; Khan, M.H.; Shamsi, M.A.; Siddiqui, A.A. 1991: Alpha amyrin derivatives from corchorus depressus. Phytochemistry (Oxford) 30(6): 1989-1992

Hey, J.A.; Koss, M.C. 1988: Alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoreceptor antagonists produce opposing mydriatic effects by a central action. Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology 8(3): 229-239

Iwaki, K.; Sukhatme, V.P.; Shubeita, H.E.; Chien, K.R. 1990: Alpha- and beta-adrenergic stimulation induces distinct patterns of immediate early gene expression in neonatal rat myocardial cells. fos/jun expression is associated with sarcomere assembly; Egr-1 induction is primarily an alpha 1-mediated response. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265(23): 13809-13817

Michel, M.C.; Kanczik, R.; Khamssi, M.; Knorr, A.; Siegl, H.; Beckeringh, J.J.; Brodde, O.E. 1989: Alpha and beta-adrenoceptors in hypertension. I. Cardiac and renal alpha 1-, beta 1-, and beta 2-adrenoceptors in rat models of acquired hypertension. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 13(3): 421-431

Verma, S.P.; Garg, S.K.; Garg, B.D. 1989: Alpha and beta adrenoceptors mediated inhibitory responses of longitudinal smooth muscles of chicken crop. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 59(1): 21-23

Apanasenko, B.G.; Kovalev, O.A.; Mikhailovich, V.A.; Sinitsyn, M.A. 1988: Alpha and beta adrenomimetics in intensive treatment of traumatic and cardiogenic shock and their effect on circulation. Anesteziologiya i Reanimatologiya 6: 24-27

Baldwin, J.E.; Widdison, W.C. 1992: Alpha and beta deuterium kinetic isotope effects on the inactivation of the general acyl coenzyme a dehydrogenase from pig kidney by 2 methylenecyclopropaneacetyl coa. Journal of the American Chemical Society 114(6): 2245-2251

Roy, D.; Blanchette, L.; Savoie, L.; Ward, P.; Chevalier, P. 1992: Alpha and beta galactosidase properties of bifidobacterium infantis. Milchwissenschaft 47(1): 18-21

Flashner, Y.; Shafferman, A. 1990: Alpha and beta replication origins of plasmid R6K show similar distortions of the DNA helix in vivo. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87(23): 9123-9127

Aripova, S.F.; Tashkhodzhaev, B. 1991: Alpha and beta scopodonnines from datura inoxia seeds. Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii 1991(4): 532-537

Naren, A.P.; Virupaksha, T.K. 1990: Alpha and beta setarins methionine rich proteins of italian millet setaria italica l. beauv. Cereal Chemistry 67(1): 32-34

Peichl, L. 1989: Alpha and delta ganglion cells in the rat retina. Journal of Comparative Neurology 286(1): 120-139

Destombes, J.; Horcholle-Bossavit, G.; Thiesson, D.; Jami, L. 1992: Alpha and gamma motoneurons in the peroneal nuclei of the cat spinal cord: an ultrastructural study. Journal of Comparative Neurology 317(1): 79-90

Mizuguchi, M.; Kim, S.U. 1991: Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin supports short-term survival of cerebral neurons in culture. Neuroscience Letters 124(2): 166-168

Uibo, R.; Parik, J.; Maaroos, H.I.; Samloff, I.M. 1991: Alpha 1-antitrypsin allo- and phenotypes in gastric and duodenal ulcer. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. Supplement 186: 105-107

Białek, E.; Mahfouz, M.O. 1988: Alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor) concentration in the patients with neoplastic disease. Materia Medica Polona. Polish Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy 20(3): 180-183

Goldstein, S.W.; Mcdermott, R.E.; Makowski, M.R.; Eller, C. 1991: Alpha azido acids in heterocyclic synthesis. Tetrahedron Letters 32(40): 5493-5496

Viney, J.L.; Macdonald, T.T.; Kilshaw, P.J. 1989: Alpha b t cell receptor expression in rat intestinal epithelium. Immunology Letters 23(1): 49-54

Berry, R.W. 1988: Alpha bag cell peptide reduces stimulated cyclic amp levels and pro elh synthesis in bag cells. Molecular Brain Research 4(4): 267-272

Mcclure, C.K.; Grote, C.W. 1991: Alpha beta functionalization of enones via pentacovalent oxaphospholenes. Tetrahedron Letters 32(39): 5313-5316

Sepkoski, J.J.; Sepkoski JJ, J.r. 1988: Alpha, beta, or gamma: where does all the diversity go?. Paleobiology 14(3): 221-234

Finkel, T.H.; Marrack, P.; Kappler, J.W.; Kubo, R.T.; Cambier, J.C. 1989: Alpha beta T cell receptor and CD3 transduce different signals in immature T cells. Implications for selection and tolerance. Journal of Immunology 142(9): 3006-3012

Fung, S.Y.; Schripsema, J.; Verpoorte, R. 1990: Alpha beta unsaturated gamma lactones from sedum telephium roots. Phytochemistry 29(2): 517-520

Yousif, M.Y.; Eisa, H.M.; Tayel, M.A.; Metwally, M.A. 1990: Alpha beta unsaturated ketones reactions with acetoacetanilides and cyanoacetamides. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 33(9): 371-373

Elgemeie, G.H.; Elfahlam, H.A.; Ibrahiem, Y.R.; Elnagdi, M.H. 1989: Alpha beta unsaturated nitriles in heterocyclic synthesis synthesis of several arylpyridine and arylpyridazine derivatives. Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim) 322(9): 535-540

Saxena, V.S.; Rao, P.J. 1990: Alpha bhc a potent insect growth regulator. Current Science 59(23): 1250-1253

Kadir, R.; Barry, B.W. 1991: Alpha bisabolol a possible safe penetration enhancer for dermal and transdermal therapeutics. International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Kidlington) 70(1-2): 87-94

Donnell, R.; Lepor, H. 1991: Alpha blockade for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of Endourology 5(2): 83-88

Borders, C.L.Jr; Perez, D.M.; Lafferty, M.W.; Kondow, A.J.; Brahm, J.; Fenderson, M.B.; Brelsford, G.L.; Pett, V.B. 1989: Alpha brominated 4 hydroxy 3 5 dinitroacetophenones potent inhibitors of the erythrocyte anion transport protein. Bioorganic Chemistry 17(1): 96-107

Mohareb R.M.; Sherif S.M.; Shams H.Z.; El Torgoman A.M. 1990: Alpha bromoacetophenones in heterocyclic synthesis a convenient one pot synthesis and the chemical behavior of 3 bromomethylbenzo d isoxazole. Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung Section B Chemical Sciences 45(7): 1067-1071

Schuster, M.; Aavikssar, A.; Jakubke H D. 1992: Alpha chymotrypsin catalyzed 3 plus 7 segment synthesis of the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone. Tetrahedron Letters 33(20): 2799-2802

Lozano, P.; Combes, D. 1992: Alpha chymotrypsin in plastein synthesis effect of hydroxylated additives on enzyme activity. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 33(1): 51-65

Komiyama, M. 1989: Alpha cyclodextrin catalyzed regioselective p o 2' cleavages of 2' 3' cyclic monophosphates of ribonucleosides. Journal of the American Chemical Society 111(8): 3046-3050

Nilsson, K.G.I.; Fernandez Mayoralas, A. 1991: Alpha d galactosidase catalysed synthesis of partially protected alpha linked digalactopyranosides. Biotechnology Letters 13(10): 715-720

Do, J.H.; Joo, H.K. 1989: Alpha d glucosidase inhibitor from streptomyces sp i. identification of the strain. Korean Journal of Applied Microbiology and Bioengineering 17(3): 202-206

Do, J.H.; Joo, H.K. 1989: Alpha d glucosidase inhibitor from streptomyces sp ii. cultural conditions for the inhibitor production. Korean Journal of Applied Microbiology and Bioengineering 17(3): 207-212

Do, J.H.; Joo, H.K. 1989: Alpha d glucosidase inhibitor from streptomyces sp iii. purification and stability of the inhibitor. Korean Journal of Applied Microbiology and Bioengineering 17(5): 529-532

Lancelon Pin, C.; Driguez, H. 1992: Alpha d mannosyl and beta d galactosyl derivatives of cyclodextrins. Tetrahedron Letters 33(22): 3125-3128

Thorn, W.; Mohazzeb, S. 1990: Alpha d polyglucan iodine complexes. Starch 42(12): 455-459

Scott, V.E.S.; Parcej, D.N.; Keen, J.N.; Findlay, J.B.C.; Dolly, J.O. 1990: Alpha dendrotoxin acceptor from bovine brain is a potassium ion channel protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265(33): 20094-20097

Burtin, D.; Martin-Tanguy, J.; Tepfer, D. 1991: Alpha-dl-Difluoromethylornithine, a Specific, Irreversible Inhibitor of Putrescine Biosynthesis, Induces a Phenotype in Tobacco Similar to That Ascribed to the Root-Inducing, Left-Hand Transferred DNA of Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Plant Physiology 95(2): 461-468

Paoletti, J.; Bazile, D.; Morvan, F.; Imbach, J.L.; Paoletti, C. 1989: Alpha-DNA VIII: thermodynamic parameters of complexes formed between the oligo-alpha-deoxynucleotides: alpha-d(GGAAGG) and alpha-d(CCTTCC) and their complementary oligo-beta-deoxynucleotides: beta-d(CCTTCC) and beta-d(GGAAGG) are different. Nucleic Acids Research 17(7): 2693-2704

Bazile, D.; Gautier, C.; Rayner, B.; Imbach J L.; Paoletti, C.; Paoletti, J. 1989: Alpha dna x alpha and beta tetrathymidilates covalently linked to oxazolopyridocarbazolium opc comparative stabilization of oligo beta dt oligo beta da and oligo alpha dt oligo beta da duplexes by the intercalating agent. Nucleic Acids Research 17(19): 7749-7760

Harrison, V.C.; Peat, G.M. 1989: Alpha-fetoprotein: a marker for recurrent apnoea of prematurity?. Early Human Development 20(3-4): 175-182

Chakrabarty, M.; Bhattacharyya, M.; Mandal, C. 1991: Alpha-fetoprotein: a sensitive avidine-biotin assay. Medical Laboratory Sciences 48(2): 126-133

Hu H. 1988: Alpha fetoprotein afp variant in diagnosis of small liver cancer. Zhonghua Zhongliu Zazhi 10(3): 191-193

Mendenhall, C.L.; Chedid, A.; French, S.W.; Ray, M.; Roselle, G.A.; Grossman, C.J.; Weesner, R.E.; Gartside, P.S.; Veterans Adm Coop Study Groups 1991: Alpha fetoprotein alterations in alcoholics with liver disease. Alcohol and Alcoholism 26(5-6): 527-534

Shulman, L.P.; Elias, S.; Andersen, R.N.; Phillips, O.P.; Milunsky, A.; Holbrook, K.A.; Smith, L.T.; Fine, J.D.; Simpson, J.L. 1991: Alpha-fetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase are not predictive of fetal junctional epidermolysis bullosa, Herlitz variant. Prenatal Diagnosis 11(11): 813-818

Poliard, A.; Feldmann, G.; Bernuau, D. 1988: Alpha fetoprotein and albumin gene transcripts are detected in distinct cell populations of the brain and kidney of the developing rat. Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity 39(1): 59-65

Okada, K.; Nakayama, I.; Kobayashi, M. 1988: Alpha fetoprotein in lake like dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum in human hepatocellular carcinoma light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical observation. Japanese Journal of Clinical Electron Microscopy 21(4): 401-410

Cote, P.J.; Pohl, C.; Boyd, J.; Tennant, B.C.; Gerin, J.L. 1990: Alpha-fetoprotein in the woodchuck model of hepadnavirus infection and disease: immunochemical analysis of woodchuck alpha-fetoprotein and measurement in serum by quantitative monoclonal radioimmunoassay. Hepatology 11(5): 824-833

Czokało, M.; Tomasiak, M. 1989: Alpha fetoprotein inhibits aggregation of human platelets. Haematologia 22(1): 11-18

Marrink, J.; Sleijfer, D.T.; de Vries, E.G.; Schraffordt Koops, H. 1990: Alpha-fetoprotein-lectin binding as a marker of tumour activity or liver damage. European Journal of Cancer 26(9): 969-972

Bansal, V.; Kumari, K.; Dixit, A.; Sahib, M.K. 1989: Alpha fetoprotein levels in newborn infants with reference to sex, gestational age and birth weight. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 27(7): 666-667

Bala, S.; Seth, S.; Seth, P.K. 1987: Alpha fetoprotein levels in the human amniotic fluid. Indian Journal of Physical Anthropology and Human Genetics 13(3): 165-172

Cook, J.R.; Chiu J F. 1990: Alpha fetoprotein messenger rna variation of half life in rat hepatoma cell lines and destabilization by sodium butyrate. Cell Biology International Reports 14(7): 629-640

Suga, H.; Schlosser, M. 1990: Alpha fluoroalkanals and alpha alpha difluoroalkanals by substitution of vicinal bromofluoroalkanes and subsequent pummerer rearrangement. Tetrahedron 46(12): 4261-4264

Murphy, R.R.; Einstein, R.; Schuster, D.I.; Narula, A.P.S.; Meyerson, L.R. 1988: Alpha flupenthixyl chloride binding profile to dopaminergic serotonergic adrenergic and cholinergic neuro receptors. Drug Development Research 15(4): 381-388

Boron Kaczmarska, A.; Boron, P.; Kozlowska, H.; Puch, U.; Sachryn, E.; Wirecinska Drapalo, A. 1991: Alpha foetoprotein in acute virus b hepatitis. Zeitschrift fuer Klinische Medizin 46(23): 1629-1633

Karson, C.N.; Coppola, R.; Daniel, D.G. 1988: Alpha frequency in schizophrenia: an association with enlarged cerebral ventricles. American Journal of Psychiatry 145(7): 861-864

Mitropol'saya N.Yu; Bukhalo, A.S.; Malanchuk, V.M.; Buglova, T.T.; Kachurovs'ka V.P. 1990: Alpha galactosidase activity in the cultures of higher basidiomycetes. Ukrayins'kyi Botanichnyi Zhurnal 47(5): 56-59

Burns, J.K. 1990: Alpha galactosidase and beta galactosidase activities in juice vesicles of stored valencia oranges. Phytochemistry 29(8): 2425-2430

Lakhtin, V.M.; Zaprometova, O.M. 1988: Alpha galactosidase of cephalosporium acremonium 237 and its ability to act as lectin. Biokhimiya 53(8): 1270-1277

Bhaskar, B.; Ramachandra, G.; Virupaksha, T.K. 1990: Alpha galactosidase of germinating seeds of cassia sericea sw. Journal of Food Biochemistry 14(1): 45-60

Alani, S.R.; Smith, D.M.; Markakis, P. 1989: Alpha galactosidases of vigna unguiculata. Phytochemistry 28(8): 2047-2052

Gasperik, J.; Hostinova, E. 1990: Alpha glucosidase accompanying extracellular amylolytic enzymes of saccharomycopsis fibuligera. Biologia (Bratislava) 45(12): 1013-1020

Schmidt, R.R.; Michel, J.; Ruecker, E. 1989: Alpha glucosidase inhibitors 6. synthesis of 1 6 anhydro d glucose and 1 6 anhydro d galactose derivatives preparation of 1 deoxynojirimycin. Liebigs Annalen der Chemie 5: 423-428

Yamasaki, Y.; Konno, H. 1989: Alpha glucosidases of suspension cultured sugar beet cells. Phytochemistry 28(10): 2583-2586

Paraksh, R.; Jyoutsna; Yadav, J.P.; Sharma, M. 1989: Alpha glycerophosphate dehydrogenase polymorphism in some drosophilids. Bionature 9(1): 17-20

Lee, C.C.; Kim, S.J.; Lee, S.H. 1987: Alpha gpdh gene frequency and seasonal variation in natural populations of drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the College of Natural Sciences 12(1): 69-74

Okamoto, Y.; Fukugita, M.; Nakazawa, T.; Kawai, H. 1991: Alpha helix folding by monte carlo simulated annealing in isolated c peptide of rnase a. Protein Engineering 4(6): 639-648

Clark, D.J.; Hill, C.S.; Martin, S.R.; Thomas, J.O. 1988: Alpha-helix in the carboxy-terminal domains of histones H1 and H5. EMBO Journal 7(1): 69-75

Younis, A.T.; Rassam, M.B.; Al-Saad, M.R. 1988: Alpha hemolysin of escherichia coli causing urinary tract infection i. purification and cytotoxic activity. Journal of Biological Sciences Research 19(Suppl): 827-842

Kite, G.C.; Horn, J.M.; Romeo, J.T.; Fellows, L.E.; Lees, D.C.; Scofield, A.M.; Smith, N.G. 1990: Alpha homonojirimycin and 2 5 dihydroxymethyl 3 4 dihydroxypyrrolidine alkaloidal glycosidase inhibitors in the moth urania fulgens. Phytochemistry 29(1): 103-106

Van Scott, E.J.; Yu, R.J. 1989: Alpha hydroxy acids: procedures for use in clinical practice. Cutis 43(3): 222-228

Hashiyama, T.; Morikawa, K.; Sharpless, K.B. 1992: Alpha hydroxy ketones in high enantiomeric purity from asymmetric dihydroxylation of enol ethers. Journal of Organic Chemistry 57(19): 5067-5068

Selmar, D.; Lieberei, R.; Biehl, B.; Conn, E.E. 1989: Alpha hydroxynitrile lyase in hevea brasiliensis and its significance for rapid cyanogenesis. Physiologia Plantarum 75(1): 97-101

Incorvaia, C.; D'eliseo D.; Ziosi, M.; Sebastiani, A.; Manservigi, R.; Cassai, C. 1990: Alpha interferon and acyclovir in the treatment of experimental herpetic keratitis. Bollettino di Oculistica 69(2): 217-226

Lew, D.J.; Decker, T.; Darnell, J.E. 1989: Alpha interferon and gamma interferon stimulate transcription of a single gene through different signal transduction pathways. Molecular and Cellular Biology 9(12): 5404-5411

Rojas, A. 1988: Alpha interferon does not induce unscheduled dna synthesis. Interferon y Biotecnologia 5(2): 141-144

Middleton, P.G.; Prince, R.A.; Williamson, I.K.; Taylor, P.R.; Reid, M.M.; Jackson, G.H.; Katz, F.; Chessells, J.M.; Proctor, S.J. 1991: Alpha interferon gene deletions in adults, children and infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 5(8): 680-682

Bocket, L.; Delforge, F.; Wattre, P.; Lemaitre, J.F.; Hober, D.; Dewilde, A. 1992: Alpha interferon in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients with central nervous system disorders. Revue de Medecine Interne 13(1): 27-36

Rosina F.; Saracco G.; Sansalvadore F.; Giorda L.; Actis G.; Lattore V.; Bonino F.; Smedile A.; Gerin J.L.; Et Al 1989: Alpha interferon in the treatment of chronic delta hepatitis. Italian Journal of Gastroenterology 21(3): 141-145

Catalano, L.; Majolino, I.; Musto, P.; Fragrasso, A.; Molica, S.; Cirincione, S.; Selleri, C.; Luciano, L.; De Renzo, A.; Vecchione, R. 1989: Alpha interferon in the treatment of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Haematologica 74(6): 577-581

Shirazi, Y.; Pitha, P.M. 1992: Alpha interferon inhibits early stages of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication cycle. Journal of Virology 66(3): 1321-1328

Gaeta, A.; Mancini, C.; Bachetoni, A.; Sallusto, F.; Lorino, G.; Marinucci, G.; Di Giacomo, C.; Favalli, C.; Alfani, D.; Filadoro, F. 1990: Alpha interferon plus thymopentine in treatment of HBV and/or HDV positive patients undergoing liver transplant. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents 4(2): 51-56

Tur-Kaspa, R.; Teicher, L.; Laub, O.; Itin, A.; Dagan, D.; Bloom, B.R.; Shafritz, D.A. 1990: Alpha interferon suppresses hepatitis B virus enhancer activity and reduces viral gene transcription. Journal of Virology 64(4): 1821-1824

de Mel, W.C.; Hoffbrand, A.V.; Giles, F.J.; Goldstone, A.H.; Mehta, A.B.; Ganeshaguru, K. 1990: Alpha interferon therapy for haematological malignancies: correlation between in vivo induction of the 2',5'oligoadenylate system and clinical response. British Journal of Haematology 74(4): 452-456

Paganelli, R.; Capobianchi, M.R.; D'Offizi, G.P.; Mezzaroma, I.; Cherchi, M.; Di Marco, P.; Dianzani, F.; Aiuti, F. 1989: Alpha interferon treatment in HIV infected patients restores gamma interferon production in vitro. Bollettino Dell'istituto Sieroterapico Milanese 68(1): 67-71

Lecain, E.; Alliot, F.; Laine, M.C.; Calas, B.; Pessac, B. 1991: Alpha isoform of smooth muscle actin is expressed in astrocytes in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Neuroscience Research 28(4): 601-606

Karam, G.A.; Bishop, S.H. 1989: Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase from cauliflower mitochondria preparation and reactivity with substrates. Phytochemistry 28(12): 3291-3294

Roger, L.; Alliot, T.; Arock, M.; Bernard, M.A.; Percheron, F.; Foglietti, M.J. 1990: Alpha-L-fucosidase isoenzyme pattern in hairy cell leukaemia. Leukemia Research 14(4): 333-335

Duranti, M.; Carpen, A.; Iametti, S.; Pagani, S. 1991: Alpha lactalbumin detection in heat treated milks by competitive elisa. Milchwissenschaft 46(4): 230-232

Singh, R.K.; Shah, B.B.; Nielsen, S.S.; Chambers, J.V. 1991: Alpha lactose monohydrate from ultrafiltered whey permeate in one step crystallization using ethanol water mixtures. Journal of Food Science 56(3): 777-781, 788

Nakayama, M.; Kimura, S. 1991: Alpha like dna polymerase from halobacterium halobium a new purification method. Memoirs of Osaka Kyoiku University Series III Natural Science and Applied Science 39(2): 131-138

Bjerve, K.S.; Fischer, S.; Wammer, F.; Egeland, T. 1989: alpha-Linolenic acid and long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in three patients with omega-3 fatty acid deficiency: effect on lymphocyte function, plasma and red cell lipids, and prostanoid formation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 49(2): 290-300

Hagemeister, H.; Precht, D.; Franzen, M.; Barth, C.A. 1991: Alpha linolenic acid transfer into milk fat and its elongation by cows. Fett Wissenschaft Technologie 93(10): 387-391

Loginov, A.S.; Nilova, T.V.; Bendikov, E.A.; Petrakov, A.V. 1990: Alpha lipoic acid drugs dynamics of blood level and effect on hemostasis in liver diseases in man. Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya 53(2): 47-50

Beak, P.; Lee, W.K. 1990: Alpha lithioamine synthetic equivalents syntheses of diastereoisomers from the boc piperidines. Journal of Organic Chemistry 55(9): 2578-2580

De Strooper, B.; Van Leuven, F.; Van den Berghe, H. 1992: Alpha 2-macroglobulin and other proteinase inhibitors do not interfere with the secretion of amyloid precursor protein in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Febs Letters 308(1): 50-53

Rastall, R.A.; Rees, N.H.; Wait, R.; Adlard, M.W.; Bucke, C. 1992: Alpha mannosidase catalysed synthesis of novel manno lyxo and heteromanno oligosaccharides a comparison of kinetically and thermodynamically mediated approaches. Enzyme and Microbial Technology 14(1): 53-57

Khorlin, A.Y. ; Krylov, A.S.; Abroskina, O.N.; Popov, A.Y. ; Aleksandrova, I.V.; Neustroev, K.N.; Firsov, L.M.; Nasonov, V.V. 1991: Alpha mannosidase isolated from in vitro growing panax ginseng c. a. mayer cells. Biokhimiya 56(2): 314-319

Masuda, H.; Narita, S.; Sugawara, S. 1990: Alpha mannosidases from suspension cultured sugar beet cells. Phytochemistry 29(2): 393-398

Torre, E.; Celis, M.E. 1989: Alpha-Melanotropin induced excessive grooming involves brain acetylcholine possible interaction in the ventral tegmental area. Acta Physiologica et Pharmacologica Latinoamericana: Organo de la Asociacion Latinoamericana de Ciencias Fisiologicas y de la Asociacion Latinoamericana de Farmacologia 39(1): 49-56

Weidler, B.; Bormann, B.V.; Kahle, M.; Hempelmann, G. 1988: Alpha mercaptopropionylglycine in the animal experimental hemorrhagic shock model. Arzneimittel-Forschung 38(10): 1393-1397

Horwell D.C.; Birchmore B.; Boden P.R.; Higginbottom M.; Ho Y.P.; Hughes J.; Hunter J.C.; Richardson R.S. 1990: Alpha methyl tryptophanylphenylalanines and their arylethylamine dipeptoid analogues of the tetrapeptide cholecystokinin 30 33. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 25(1): 53-60

Adam, W.; Hasemann, L.; Prechtl, F. 1988: Alpha methylene beta lactone a novel heterocyclic ring system via deoxygenation of alpha methylene beta peroxylactones with triphenylphosphane. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 27(11): 1536-1537

Adam, W.; Hasemann, L. 1991: Alpha methylene beta lactones as novel allene equivalents regioselective 4 plus 2 cycloaddition and stereoselective decarboxylation for the introduction of exo alkylidene functionalities. Tetrahedron Letters 32(48): 7033-7036

Buchholz, R.; Hoffmann, H.M.R. 1991: Alpha methylidene beta lactams and alpha alkylidene beta lactams from nonproteinogenic amino acids. Helvetica Chimica Acta 74(6): 1213-1220

Golovleva, L.A.; Boronin, A.M.; Alieva, R.M.; Rustemov, S.A.; Kochetkov, V.V.; Tusupbekova, G.A. 1988: Alpha methylstyrene and toluene degradation by plasmid carrying strains of pseudomonas bacteria. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Seriya Biologicheskaya 4: 558-564

Friedmann, P.S.; Wren, F.; Buffey, J.; Macneil, S. 1990: Alpha msh causes a small rise in cyclic amp but has no effect on basal or uv stimulated melanogenesis in human melanocytes. British Journal of Dermatology 123(2): 145-152

Bull, D.F.; King, M.G.; Pfister, H.P.; Singer, G. 1990: Alpha msh conditioned suppression of a lipopolysaccharide induced fever. Peptides (New York) 11(5): 1027-1032

Sawyer T.K.; Staples D.J.; Castrucci A.M.L.; Hadley M.E.; Al Obeidi F.A.; Cody W.L.; Hruby V.J. 1990: Alpha msh message and inhibitory sequences comparative structure activity studies on melanocytes. Peptides (New York) 11(2): 351-358

Mugridge, K.G.; Perretti, M.; Ghiara, P.; Parente, L. 1991: Alpha msh reduces interleukin 1 beta effects on rat stomach preparations possibly through interference with a type i receptor. European Journal of Pharmacology 197(2-3): 151-156

Slavnov, V.N.; Luchitskii, E.V.; Oleinik, V.A.; Komissarenko, I.V. 1990: Alpha msh secretion in some diseases of the hypothalamo hypophyseal adrenocortical system. Problemy Endokria 36(2): 40-43

Sawyer, T.K.; Hadley, M.E.; Hruby, V.J.; Castrucci, A.M.D.L.; Staples, D.J.; Farah, J.; O'donohue T.L. 1988: Alpha msh structure activity studies comparative analysis of melanotropic and cns bioactivities. Synapse (New York) 2(3): 288-292

Kolasa, T.; Sharma, S.K.; Miller, M.J. 1988: Alpha n hydroxyamino acid derivatives. Tetrahedron 44(17): 5431-5440

Sukul, N.C.; Cherian, L.; Klemm, W.R. 1988: Alpha noradrenergic agonists promote catalepsy in the mouse. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 31(1): 87-91

Campa, A.; Salim Hanna, M.; Cilento, G. 1989: Alpha oxidase activity in plants as promotor of electronic energy. Photochemistry and Photobiology 49(3): 349-354

Barrett, A.G.M.; Dhanak, D.; Lebold, S.A.; Russell, M.A. 1991: Alpha oximino amide trianions in the stereoselective synthesis of isoxazolines and gamma hydroxy alpha amino acids. Journal of Organic Chemistry 56(5): 1894-1901

S.C S. 1992: Alpha particle radiography of ants using a curium 244 alpha source. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements 20(2): 335-340

Misra, K.; Chaddah, M.; Dikshit, A.; Singh, R.K. 1988: Alpha pyridylmethylphosphorobistriazolide as a new phosphorylating reagent for internucleotide bond formation. Journal of Biosciences 13(2): 189-200

Colombo, C.; Gambini, O.; Macciardi, F.; Bellodi, L.; Sacchetti, E.; Vita, A.; Cattaneo, R.; Scarone, S. 1989: Alpha reactivity in schizophrenia and in schizophrenic spectrum disorders: demographic, clinical and hemispheric assessment. International Journal of Psychophysiology: Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology 7(1): 47-54

Tsounis, S.; Varfis, G. 1992: Alpha rhythm power and the effect of photic stimulation in migraine with brain mapping. Clinical Eeg 23(1): 1-6

Mahe, M.F.; Grosclaude, F. 1989: Alpha s 1 cn d another allele associated with a decreased synthesis rate at the caprine alpha s 1 casein locus. Genetics Selection Evolution 21(2): 127-130

Vaupotic, J.; Ancik, M.; Skofljanec, M.; Kobal, I. 1992: Alpha scintillation cell for direct measurement of indoor radon. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A Environmental Science and Engineering 27(6): 1535-1540

Birberg, W.; Lonn, H. 1991: Alpha selectivity and glycal formation are temperature dependent in glycosylation with sialic acid synthesis of a neu5 acalpha 2 6 gal thioglycoside building block. Tetrahedron Letters 32(50): 7453-7456

Leslie, K.O.; Mitchell, J.J.; Woodcock-Mitchell, J.L.; Low, R.B. 1990: Alpha smooth muscle actin expression in developing and adult human lung. Differentiation; Research in Biological Diversity 44(2): 143-149

Grenningloh, G.; Schmieden, V.; Schofield, P.R.; Seeburg, P.H.; Siddique, T.; Mohandas, T.K.; Becker, C.M.; Betz, H. 1990: Alpha subunit variants of the human glycine receptor: primary structures, functional expression and chromosomal localization of the corresponding genes. EMBO Journal 9(3): 771-776

Okano, T.; Tanabe, J.; Fukuda, M.; Tanaka, M. 1992: Alpha sulfonated fatty acid esters i. structural effects of sodium alpha sulfonated fatty acid higher alcohol esters on surface active properties and emulsification ability. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 69(1): 44-46

Volovenko, Y.M.; Litvinenko, S.V.; Babichev, F.S. 1988: Alpha sulfonyl 2 quinoxalylacetonitriles. Doklady Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi SSR Seriya B Geologicheskie Khimicheskie i Biologicheskie Nauki 4: 37-40

Knutson, L. 1990: Alpha taxonomy seguy's metier and a modern need. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 26(3): 325-334

E.Hazmi, M.A.F. 1992: Alpha thalassaemia in saudi arabia restriction endonucleases as diagnostic tools. Saudi Medical Journal 13(4): 333-339

Trent, R.J.; Wallace, R.C. 1989: Alpha thalassaemia: a potential source of error in DNA linkage studies for adult polycystic kidney disease. Journal of Medical Genetics 26(1): 6-9

Villegas Martinez, A.; Calero, F.; Porres, A.; Gonzalez, A.; Lopez Rubio, M.; Espinos, D. 1991: Alpha thalassemia associated with s c haemoglobinopathy in the same family. Biologia and Clinica Hematologica 13(1): 27-32

Tejuca, M.; Martinez, G.; Ferreira, R.; Hernández, A.; Ferrer, L.; Goicochea, A.; Hernández, A.C.; Coyula, R.; Wade, M.; Colombo, B. 1989: Alpha-thalassemia changes the cell density profile in sickle cell anaemia. Haematologia 22(3): 175-180

Pedrollo, E.; Hutz, M.H.; Salzano, F.M. 1990: Alpha thalassemia frequency in newborn children from porto alegre brazil. Revista Brasileira de Genetica 13(3): 573-582

Parker, L.S.; Williamson, D.; Shepherd, C.S.; Boswell, D.R. 1989: Alpha thalassaemia in the Maori: a family study. New Zealand Medical Journal 102(868): 245-246

Shlyapak, E.A. 1990: Alpha therapy for children with rheumatic diseases at the pyatigorsk resort russian sfsr ussr. Revmatologiya 4: 68-71

Neupane, F.P.; Norris, D.M. 1991: Alpha tocopherol alteration of soybean antiherbivory to trichoplusia ni larvae. Journal of Chemical Ecology 17(10): 1941-1952

Melchert H U.; Eichberg, J. 1990: Alpha tocopherol and gamma tocopherol status and fatty acid patterns in serum samples of vegetarians and non vegetarians. Fett Wissenschaft Technologie 92(6): 236-240

Yamauchi, K.; Ohashi, T.; Haga, S.; Ninomiya, M.; Murata, H. 1989: Alpha tocopherol and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and their quantitative relationships in animal and poultry tissues. Japanese Journal of Zootechnical Science 1: 35-39

Jung, M.Y.; Choe, E.; Min, D.B. 1991: Alpha tocopherol gamma tocopherol and delta tocopherol effects on chlorophyll photosensitized oxidation of soybean oil. Journal of Food Science 56(3): 807-810, 815

Levshina, I.P.; Kurochkina, E.V.; Obidin, A.B.; Gulyaeva, N.V. 1988: Alpha tocopherol in a complex with dmso is a drug with highly effective adaptogenic action in chronic emotional pain stress in rats. Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti Imeni I P Pavlova 38(3): 533-539

Koshevenko, Y.N. 1989: Alpha tocopherol in the multimodality treatment of vitiligo. Vestnik Dermatologii i Venerologii 10: 70-72

Tani, Y.; Osuka, S. 1989: Alpha tocopherol production by an analog resistant strain of euglena gracilis z. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 53(9): 2313-2318

Libe, M.L.; Brusovanik, V.I.; Erin, A.N. 1991: Alpha tocopherol protects the rat brain beta adrenergic receptors from the damaging effect of phospholipase a 2. Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny 112(7): 61-62

Saito, M.; Funabashi, M. 1991: Alpha toxin production by enterotoxin producing strains of clostridium perfringens derived from patients of food poisoning outbreaks food handlers and foods. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan 32(1): 20-24

Sewald, N.; Burger, K. 1990: Alpha trifluoromethyl substituted alpha hydroxy acids with alkyne functions in the side chain. Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung Section B Chemical Sciences 45(6): 871-875

Nassiff S.J. 1988: Alpha xn thallium reaction on gold 197. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 128(5): 403-408

Illanes, O.; Mossman, S.; McCarthy, K. 1990: Alphaherpesvirus saimiri infection in rabbits. 1. Light and electron microscopy study of cutaneous spinal nerves. Acta Neuropathologica 79(5): 551-557

Illanes, O.; Mossman, S.; McCarthy, K. 1990: Alphaherpesvirus saimiri infection in rabbits. 2. Morphometric studies of cutaneous spinal nerves. Acta Neuropathologica 79(5): 558-565

Chee, M.S.; Lawrence, G.L.; Barrell, B.G. 1989: Alphaherpesviruses betaherpesviruses and gammaherpesviruses encode a putative phosphotransferase. Journal of General Virology 70(5): 1151-1160

Froshauer, S.; Kartenbeck, J.; Helenius, A. 1988: Alphavirus RNA replicase is located on the cytoplasmic surface of endosomes and lysosomes. Journal of Cell Biology 107(6 Pt 1): 2075-2086

Ramos, G.E.; Von Prahl, H. 1989: Alpheus utriensis new species caridea alpheidae from utria sound pacific coast of colombia. Journal of Crustacean Biology 9(3): 477-481

Morton, S.; Lader, M. 1992: Alpidem and lorazepam in the treatment of patients with anxiety disorders: comparison of physiological and psychological effects. Pharmacopsychiatry 25(4): 177-181

Antunac, N. 1990: Alpine and saanen goats milk yield and composition. Poljoprivredna Znanstvena Smotra 55(3-4): 443-454

Cazares, E.; Trappe, J.M. 1991: Alpine and subalpine fungi of the cascade and olympic mountains 2. macowanites lymanensis new species. Mycotaxon 42: 333-338

Cazares, E.; Trappe, J.M. 1991: Alpine and subalpine fungi of the cascade and olympic mountains 3. gastroboletus ruber new combination. Mycotaxon 42: 339-346

Cazares, E.; Trappe, J.M. 1990: Alpine and subalpine fungi of the cascade mountains washington usa i. hymenogaster glacialis new species. Mycotaxon 38: 245-250

Gillbank, L. 1992: Alpine botanical expeditions of ferdinand mueller. Muelleria 7(4): 473-489

Grayson, D.K. 1991: Alpine faunas from the white mountains california usa adaptive change in the late prehistoric great basin. Journal of Archaeological Science 18(4): 483-506

Baloyan, S.A. 1988: Alpine flora and vegetation of the megri mountain range armenian ssr ussr. Biologicheskii Zhurnal Armenii 41(10): 849-853

Chambers, J.C.; Macmahon, J.; Brown, R.W. 1990: Alpine seedling establishment the influence of disturbance type. Ecology (Washington D C) 71(4): 1323-1341

Crawford, R.L.; Edwards, J.S. 1989: Alpine spiders and harvestmen of mount rainier washington usa taxonomy and bionomics. Canadian Journal of Zoology 67(2): 430-446

Haberova, I.; Soltesova, A. 1989: Alpine vegetation juncetea trifidi of batizovska valley in the high tatras czechoslovakia. Biologia (Bratislava) 44(5): 441-450

Haberova, I.; Soltesova, A. 1989: Alpine vegetation of the batizovska valley in the high tatras czechoslovakia. Biologia (Bratislava) 44(1): 51-60

Krahulec, F. 1990: Alpine vegetation of the kralicky sneznik mts. the sudeten mts. czechoslovakia and poland. Preslia 62(4): 307-322

Sabu, M.; Mangaly, J.K. 1991: Alpinia smithiae new species zingiberaceae from south india. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 48(1): 69-72

Kashtan, C.E.; Kleppel, M.M.; Butkowski, R.J.; Michael, A.F.; Fish, A.J. 1990: Alport syndrome, basement membranes and collagen. Pediatric Nephrology 4(5): 523-532

Setälä, K.; Ruusuvaara, P. 1989: Alport syndrome with hereditary macular degeneration. Acta Ophthalmologica 67(4): 409-414

Juergens, S. 1991: Alprazolam and diazepam: addiction potential. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 8(1-2): 43-51

Barbee, J.G.; Mancuso, D.M.; Freed, C.R.; Todorov, A.A. 1992: Alprazolam as a neuroleptic adjunct in the emergency treatment of schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 149(4): 506-510

Tapp, W.N.; Natelson, B.H.; Grover, E.; Ottenweller, J.E. 1989: Alprazolam but not diazepam protects hamsters with heart disease from the medical consequences of stress. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 33(3): 633-636

Mellergard, M.; Lorentzen, K.; Bech, P.; Ottosson J O.; Rosenberg, R. 1991: Alprazolam imipramine and placebo treatment of panic disorder in scandinavia a report from the cross national collaborative panic study second phase a trend analysis of changes during treatment of panic disorder with alprazolam and imipramine. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl (365): 28-32

Rosenberg, R.; Bech, P.; Mellergard, M.; Ottosson J O. 1991: Alprazolam imipramine and placebo treatment of panic disorder in scandinavia a report from the cross national collaborative panic study second phase alprazolam imipramine and placebo treatment of panic disorder predicting therapeutic response. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl (365): 46-52

Rosenberg, N.K.; Mellergard, M.; Rosenberg, R.; Beck, P.; Ottosson J O. 1991: Alprazolam imipramine and placebo treatment of panic disorder in scandinavia a report from the cross national collaborative panic study second phase characteristics of panic disorder patients responding to placebo. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl (365): 33-38

Andersch S.; Rosenberg N.K.; Kullingsjo H.; Ottosson J O.; Bech P.; Bruun Hansen J.; Hanson L.; Lorentzen K.; Mellergard M.; Et Al 1991: Alprazolam imipramine and placebo treatment of panic disorder in scandinavia a report from the cross national collaborative panic study second phase efficacy and safety of alprazolam imipramine and placebo in treating panic disorder a scandinavian multicenter study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl (365): 18-27

Rosenberg, R.; Bech, P.; Mellergard, M.; Ottosson J O. 1991: Alprazolam imipramine and placebo treatment of panic disorder in scandinavia a report from the cross national collaborative panic study second phase secondary depression in panic disorder an indicator of severity with a weak effect on outcome in alprazolam and imipramine treatment. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl (365): 39-45

Kroboth, P.D.; Mcauley, J.W.; Smith, R.B. 1990: Alprazolam in the elderly: pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics during multiple dosing. Psychopharmacology 100(4): 477-484

Wincor, M.Z.; Munjack, D.J.; Palmer, R. 1991: Alprazolam levels and response in panic disorder: preliminary results. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 11(1): 48-51

Reich, J.; Noyes, R.; Yates, W. 1989: Alprazolam treatment of avoidant personality traits in social phobic patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 50(3): 91-95

Enkelmann, R. 1991: Alprazolam versus buspirone in the treatment of outpatients with generalized anxiety disorder. Psychopharmacology 105(3): 428-432

Abe, F.; Chen R F.; Yamauchi, T.; Marubayashi, N.; Ueda, I. 1989: Alschomine and isoalschomine new alkaloids from the leaves of alstonia scholaris. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 37(4): 887-890

Stanyulis, Y.P.; Zitikaite, I.S.; Yatskyavichene, E.A. 1989: Alsike clover vein mosaic virus in lithuania ussr identification and biological characterization of the virus. Lietuvos TSR Mokslu Akademijos Darbai Serija C Biologijos Mokslai 3: 3-12

Staniulis, J.; Zitikaite, I. 1990: Alsike clover vein mosaic virus in lithuanian ussr 2. purification and serological properties. Eksperimentine Biologija 3: 68-76

H.W.L.; Zhu J P.; Prewo, R.; Hesse, M. 1989: Alstogustine and 19 epialstogustine quaternary indole alkaloids from alstonia angustifolia. Phytochemistry 28(7): 1963-1966

Atta Ur Rahman; Nighat F.; Ahme G.; Choudhary M.I.; Habib Ur Rehman; De Silva K.T.D. 1990: Alstozine n oxide a new dihydroindole alkaloid from alstonia macrophylla. Fitoterapia 61(3): 230-232

Takahashi, A.; Ikeda, D.; Nakamura, H.; Naganawa, H.; Kurasawa, S.; Okami, Y.; Takeuchi, T.; IitakaY 1989: Altemicidin, a new acaricidal and antitumor substance. II. Structure determination. Journal of Antibiotics 42(11): 1562-1566

Oh, S.H.; Kim, K.H.; Kim, K.S.; Lee, S.E.; Park, K.K. 1990: Alteration and expression of c h ras gene of rat hepatoma induced by 3' methyl 4 dimethylaminoazobenzene. Korean Journal of Biochemistry 22(2): 109-116

Martyn, J.A.; Greenblatt, D.J.; Hagen, J.; Hoaglin, D.C. 1989: Alteration by burn injury of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cimetidine in children. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 36(4): 361-367

Schubert, I.; Rieger, R. 1990: Alteration by centric fission of the diploid chromosome number in vicia faba l. Genetica 81(1): 67-70

Forman, L.J.; Patel, A.; Cater, J. 1989: Alteration by chronic cocaine of nociception in male and female rats. Research Communications in Substances of Abuse 10(3): 145-154

Huang, R.; Levin, S.S.; Schleyer, H.; Cooper, D.Y.; Mukherji, B.; Sloviter, H.A. 1988: Alteration by perfluorodecalin of hepatic metabolism and excretion of phenobarbital. Biochemical Pharmacology 37(19): 3761-3764

Gegenava, L.G.; Svanidze, I.K.; Mosulishvili, L.M.; Rcheulishvili, A.N. 1990: Alteration dynamics of zinc and copper concentration in the rat hippocampus during ontogenesis. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk Gruzii Seriya Biologicheskaya 16(6): 387-390

Chida, K.; Sakamaki, S.; Takasu, T. 1989: Alteration in autonomic function and cardiovascular regulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Journal of Neurology 236(3): 127-130

Wetzler, M.; Kurzrock, R.; Lowe, D.G.; Kantarjian, H.; Gutterman, J.U.; Talpaz, M. 1991: Alteration in bone marrow adherent layer growth factor expression: a novel mechanism of chronic myelogenous leukemia progression. Blood 78(9): 2400-2406

Maskrey, M.; Megirian, D.; Sherrey, J.H. 1990: Alteration in breathing of the awake rat after laryngeal and diaphragmatic muscle paralysis. Respiration Physiology 81(2): 203-212

Horvath, S.M.; Bedi, J.F. 1989: Alteration in carboxyhemoglobin concentrations during exposure to 9 ppm carbon monoxide for 8 hours at sea level and 2134 m altitude in a hypobaric chamber. Japca 39(10): 1323-1327

Segawa, M.; Saito, H.; Nishiyama, N. 1990: Alteration in choline acetyltransferase and tyrosine hydroxylase activities of various brain regions after passive avoidance performance in mice. Biogenic Amines 7(2): 191-198

Jotova, I.; Jotsov, S.; Atanasov, K.; Sotirov, L.; Stoyanchev, T. 1990: Alteration in cholinesterase and hemoglobin polymorphism in gravid dose rabbits treated with the herbicide spritzhormit. Zhivotnov"dni Nauki 27(7): 68-73

Li, S.; Ma, E.L.; Wu, S.J. 1988: Alteration in chromatin conformation of proliferating and differentiating enzyme genes in normal mouse liver and ascites hepatoma cells and its relation to the gene expression of enzymes. Scientia Sinica. Series B Chemical Biological Agricultural Medical and Earth Sciences 31(11): 1319-1324

Tanaka, K. 1988: Alteration in coagulation and fibrinolysis associated with cardiopulmonary bypass in open heart surgery. Mie Medical Journal 38(2): 125-136

Morris, R.G.; Reece, P.A.; Dale, B.M.; Green, R.M.; Kotasek, D.; Saccoia, N.C.; Sage, R.E. 1989: Alteration in doxorubicin and doxorubicinol plasma concentrations with repeated courses to patients. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 11(4): 380-383

Morris, C.H.; Hope, R.A. 1990: Alteration in eating behavior following head injury a case report. International Journal of Eating Disorders 9(4): 463-468

Zhang, L.; Mock, D. 1991: Alteration in glutathione level during carcinogenesis of hamster buccal pouch mucosa. Journal of Dental Research 70(7): 1061-1063

Klein, N.J.; Shennan, G.I.; Heyderman, R.S.; Levin, M. 1992: Alteration in glycosaminoglycan metabolism and surface charge on human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by cytokines, endotoxin and neutrophils. Journal of Cell Science 102: 821-832

Horgan, C.; Brown, K.; Pincus, S.H. 1990: Alteration in H chain V region affects complement activation by chimeric antibodies. Journal of Immunology 145(8): 2527-2532

Meehan, R.T.; Neale, L.S.; Kraus, E.T.; Stuart, C.A.; Smith, M.L.; Cintron, N.M.; Sams, C.F.; Meehan, R.T.; Stuart, C.A.; Cintron, N.M.; Sams, C.F. 1992: Alteration in human mononuclear leucocytes following space flight. Immunology 76(3): 491-497

Ohdo, S.; Yoshimura, H.; Ogawa, N. 1989: Alteration in hypnotic effect of pentobarbital following repeated agonistic confrontations in mice. Psychopharmacology 97(1): 30-34

Shimizu, H. 1991: Alteration in hypothalamic monoamine metabolism of freely moving diabetic rat. Neuroscience Letters 131(2): 225-227

Kuriyama, K.; Ohkuma, S. 1989: Alteration in intracellular signal transduction systems associated with down regulation of muscarinic cholinergic receptor analysis using primary cultured neurons from mouse cerebral cortex. Biomedical Research (Tokyo) 10(Suppl 3): 375-384

Malas, J.P.; Bar, E.; Gauduchon, P.; Sichel, F.; Le Talaer, J.Y. 1990: Alteration in isoenzyme patterns of serum galactosyltransferase activity in ovarian cancer patients: preliminary results. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 44(6): 325-331

Paller, A.S.; Arnsmeier, S.L.; Robinson, J.K.; Bremer, E.G. 1992: Alteration in keratinocyte ganglioside content in basal cell carcinomas. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 98(2): 226-232

Laub, R.; Bonnekoh, B.; Mahrle, G. 1991: Alteration in ki 67 positive growth fraction of cultured human keratinocytes by exposure with liposomes. Dermatologische Monatsschrift 177(6): 343-347

Kay, M.M.; Flowers, N.; Goodman, J.; Bosman, G. 1989: Alteration in membrane protein band 3 associated with accelerated erythrocyte aging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 86(15): 5834-5838

Matsuo, T.; Shimozono, H.; Itoo, S. 1990: Alteration in properties of kaki tannin during heat browning and purification. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 59(1): 157-162

Aoki, Y.; Lipsky, M.M.; Fowler, B.A. 1990: Alteration in protein synthesis in primary cultures of rat kidney proximal tubule epithelial cells by exposure to gallium, indium, and arsenite. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 106(3): 462-468

Yue, P. 1991: Alteration in respiratory enzyme system of myocardial mitochondria during reperfusion injury. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 19(1): 36-8 64

Harvey, W.F.; Bedford, J.S.; Li, G.C. 1990: Alterations in specific and general protein synthesis after heat shock in heat-sensitive mutants of CHO cells and their wild-type counterparts. Radiation Research 124(1 Suppl): S88-S97

Tawfik, A.M.; el-Labban, N.G.; Lee, K.W. 1989: Alteration in stereological density parameters of the mucosal vascular bed during neoplastic transformation in sublingual keratosis. Pathology Research and Practice 184(5): 519-524

Chabala, J.M.; Levi-Setti, R.; Bushinsky, D.A. 1991: Alteration in surface ion composition of cultured bone during metabolic, but not respiratory, acidosis. American Journal of Physiology 261(1 Pt 2): F76-F84

Gulati, A.; Srimal, R.C.; Dhawan, B.N. 1988: Alteration in systemic hemodynamics & regional brain blood flow by isoprenaline. Indian Journal of Medical Research 88: 265-272

Magon, V.K.; Garg, S.K. 1989: Alteration in the activities of a few enzymes in the liver of house sparrow passer domesticus linnaeus exposed to mercuric chloride. Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology 9(2): 271-275

Raushenbakh, I.Iu.; Serova, L.I.; Timokhina, I.S.; Chentsova, N.A.; Shumnaia, L.V. 1991: Alteration in the content of biogenic amines in two stocks of Drosophila virilis and their hybrids in ontogenesis and under heat stress. Genetika 27(4): 657-666

Miyasato, M.; Tsuda, S.; Kasada, M.; Iryo, K.; Sasai, Y. 1989: Alteration in the density, morphology, and biological properties of eosinophils produced by bullous pemphigoid blister fluid. Archives of Dermatological Research 281(5): 304-309

Enin, L.D.; Akoev, G.N.; Lebedev, V.P.; Potekhina, I.L. 1990: Alteration in the excitability of skin mechanoreceptors during transcranial electrical stimulation in rats. Neirofiziologiya 22(4): 495-500

Yamasaki, Y.; Onodera, H.; Adachi, K.; Shozuhara, H.; Kogure, K. 1992: Alteration in the immunoreactivity of the calcineurin subunits after ischemic hippocampal damage. Neuroscience 49(3): 545-556

Wagay, A.R.; Singhal, K.C.; Bhargava, R. 1990: Alteration in the levels of pyrazinamide in pleural fluid following simultaneous administration of prednisoline in patients of tubercular pleural effusion. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 34(4): 259-262

Wagay, A.R.; Singhal, K.C.; Malik, A.; Bhargava, R. 1990: Alteration in the levels of rifampicin in pleural fluid following simultaneous administration of prednisolone in patients of tubercular pleural effusion. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 22(3): 133-137

Yung, K.K.; Tang, F.; Fielding, R.; Du, Y.H.; Vacca-Galloway, L.L. 1992: Alteration in the levels of thyrotropin releasing hormone, substance P and enkephalins in the spinal cord, brainstem, hypothalamus and midbrain of the Wobbler mouse at different stages of the motoneuron disease. Neuroscience 50(1): 209-222

Kumar, K.P.; Gopal, V.; Chatterji, D. 1991: Alteration in the minus 10 sequence of the a2 promoter of bacteriophage t7 reduces the rate of transcription initiation. Current Science 60(9-10): 594-596

Seto, M.; Sasaki, Y.; Sasaki, Y. 1990: Alteration in the myosin phosphorylation pattern of smooth muscle by phorbol ester. American Journal of Physiology 259(5 Part 1): C769-C774

Błaszczyk, J.W.; Dobrzecka, C. 1989: Alteration in the pattern of locomotion following a partial movement restraint in puppies. Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 49(1): 39-46

Barriere, S.L.; Catlin, D.H.; Orlando, P.L.; Noe, A.; Frost, R.W. 1990: Alteration in the pharmacokinetic disposition of ciprofloxacin by simultaneous administration of azlocillin. Antimicrobial Agents and ChemoTherapy 34(5): 823-826

Petell, J.K.; Quaroni, A.; Hong, W.J.; Hixson, D.C.; Amarri, S.; Reif, S.; Bujanover, Y. 1990: Alteration in the regulation of plasma membrane glycoproteins of the hepatocyte during ontogeny. Experimental Cell Research 187(2): 299-308

Lee C.H.; Yoo B.J.; Jeon Y.J.; Chung C.H.; Ha D.B. 1989: Alteration in the transferrin receptor during the chick myoblast fusion in culture. Korean Journal of Zoology 32(2): 163-175

Reinemeyer, C.R.; Bone, L.W.; Oliver, J.W. 1991: Alteration in thyroid hormone and gastrin concentrations in goats infected with trichostrongylus colubriformis. Small Ruminant Research 5(3): 285-292

Chen H Q.; Yan L N.; Li L.; Zhong G H.; Wu H G. 1991: Alteration in viscoelasticity of whole blood from dogs with experiment acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Clinical Hemorheology 11(1-2): 25-34

Ohkuma, S.; Ma, F.H.; Kishi, M.; Kuriyama, K. 1990: Alteration of acetylcholine metabolism in the brain of zucker fatty rat. Neurochemistry International 16(1): 99-103

Pavlenko, A.F.; Odintsova, N.A.; Moroz, S.V.; Ovodov, Y.S. 1992: Alteration of actin cytoskeleton of the tumor cells hela and a 431 as affected by oncoprecipitin a and pregnancy specific glycoprotein. Eksperimental'naya Onkologiya 14(1): 61-64

Herrera, V.L.M.; Ruiz Opazo, N. 1990: Alteration of alpha 1 sodium potassium atpase rubidium 86 influx by a single amino acid substitution. Science 249(4972): 1023-1026

Araki, K.; Harada, M.; Ueda, Y.; Takino, T.; Kuriyama, K. 1988: Alteration of amino acid content of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with epilepsy. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 78(6): 473-479

Kohara, A.; Yamamoto, Y.; Kikuchi, M. 1991: Alteration of amino terminal residues of mature human lysozyme affects its secretion in yeast and translocation into canine microsomal vesicles. Journal of Biological Chemistry 266(30): 20363-20368

Ji, L.L.; Dillon, D.; Wu, E. 1990: Alteration of antioxidant enzymes with aging in rat skeletal muscle and liver. American Journal of Physiology 258(4 Part 2): R918-R923

Y.G.H.; Kwon, Y.M. 1992: Alteration of arginase activity in leaf protoplasts of canavalia lineata. Korean Biochemical Journal 25(3): 196-202

Chaidaroglou, A.; Kantrowitz, E.R. 1989: Alteration of aspartate 101 in the active site of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase enhances the catalytic activity. Protein Engineering 3(2): 127-132

Giridhar, J.; Isom, G.E. 1991: Alteration of atrial natriuretic peptide levels by short term cadmium treatment. Toxicology 70(2): 185-194

Mori, K.; Tsutsumi, K.; Kurihara, M.; Kawaguchi, T.; Niwa, M. 1990: Alteration of atrial natriuretic peptide receptors in the choroid plexus of rats with induced or congenital hydrocephalus. Child's Nervous System: Chns: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery 6(4): 190-193

Moreno, P.; Guerri, J.; Ortiz, J. 1989: Alteration of bark proteins associated with citrus tristeza virus ctv infection on susceptible citrus species and scion rootstock combinations. Journal of Phytopathology (Berlin) 125(1): 55-66

Mills, D.E.; Mah, M.; Ward, R.P.; Morris, B.L.; Floras, J.S. 1990: Alteration of baroreflex control of forearm vascular resistance by dietary fatty acids. American Journal of Physiology 259(6 Pt 2): R1164-R1171

Bacon, E.; Matsokis, N.; Roujansky, P.; de Barry, J.; Gombos, G. 1989: Alteration of benzodiazepine receptors in mouse cerebellum following methylazoxymethanol treatment during development. Brain Research. Developmental Brain Research 47(2): 293-297

Park S S.; Lee C S. 1990: Alteration of biochemical responses in activated human neutrophils by atp and adenosine. Korean Journal of Pharmacology 26(1): 55-66

Janick-Buckner, D.; Ranges, G.E.; Hacker, M.P. 1989: Alteration of bronchoalveolar lavage cell populations following bleomycin treatment in mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 100(3): 465-473

Pagel, P.S.; Schmeling, W.T.; Kampine, J.P.; Warltier, D.C. 1992: Alteration of canine left ventricular diastolic function by intravenous anesthetics in vivo. Ketamine and propofol. Anesthesiology 76(3): 419-425

Hong, S.B.; Kwon, Y.M. 1991: Alteration of carbohydrate metabolism in rice seedlings under low temperature. Korean Journal of Botany 34(2): 113-120

Will, O.H.IIi; Tieszen, L.L.; Gerlach, T.; Kellen, M. 1989: Alteration of carbon isotope ratios by eight ustilago species on defined media. Botanical Gazette 150(2): 152-157

Yutani, Y.; Kono, T.; Ishii, M.; Chanoki, M.; Chanoki, Y.; Asada, K.; Shimazu, A.; Hamada, T. 1991: Alteration of cartilagenous proteoglycan in psoriasis. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 16(1): 22-24

Kubbies, M. 1992: Alteration of cell cycle kinetics by reducing agents in human peripheral blood lymphocytes from adult and senescent donors. Cell Proliferation 25(3): 157-168

Vigneswaran, N.; Peters, K.P.; Hornstein, O.P.; Diepgen, T.L. 1990: Alteration of cell surface carbohydrates associated with ordered and disordered proliferation of oral epithelia: a lectin histochemical study in oral leukoplakias, papillomas and carcinomas. Cell and Tissue Kinetics 23(1): 41-55

Cress, A.E.; Majda, J.A.; Glass, J.R.; Stringer, D.E.; Gerner, E.W. 1990: Alteration of cellular adhesion by heat shock. Experimental Cell Research 190(1): 40-46

L.Y.; Trush, M.A. 1992: Alteration of cellular glutathione as a factor in hydroquinone induced cytotoxicity to primary cultured bone marrow stromal cells from dba 2 mice. In Vitro Toxicology 5(2): 59-71

Zhang, X.K.; Zucker, M.L.; Huang, D.P.; Lin, T.S.; Prusoff, W.H.; Chiu, J.F. 1991: Alteration of cellular oncogene expression in L1210 cells by a nitrosourea analog of thymidine. Cancer Communications 3(4): 119-126

Mukherjee, D.; Sen, S. 1991: Alteration of collagen phenotypes in ischemic cardiomyopathy. Journal of Clinical Investigation 88(4): 1141-1146

Kaneko, Y.; Nakayama, T.; Tsukamoto, A.; Kurokawa, K. 1990: Alteration of differentiation state of human hepatocytes cultured with novobiocin and butyrate. Cancer Research 50(10): 3101-3105

Perona, E.; Marco, E.; Orus, M.I. 1991: Alteration of dinitrogen fixation and metabolism in cyanobacterium anabaena pcc 7119 by phosphamidon. Environmental and Experimental Botany 31(4): 479-488

Doy, M.; Suzuki, E.; Ogata, T.; Takizawa, H.; Kuriyama, T. 1991: Alteration of dog pulmonary small arteries and arterioles in monocrotaline pyrrole induced pulmonary hypertension observation by scanning electron microscopy. Japanese Journal of Clinical Electron Microscopy 24(1): 39-50

Bockman, D.E.; Redmond, M.E.; Kirby, M.L. 1989: Alteration of early vascular development after ablation of cranial neural crest. Anatomical Record 225(3): 209-217

Nakashima, Y.; Sueishi, K. 1992: Alteration of elastic architecture in the lathyritic rat aorta implies the pathogenesis of aortic dissecting aneurysm. American Journal of Pathology 140(4): 959-969

Wright, J.T.; Butler, W.T. 1989: Alteration of enamel proteins in hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta. Journal of Dental Research 68(9): 1328-1330

Kelner, M.J.; Bagnell, R. 1990: Alteration of endogenous glutathione peroxidase, manganese superoxide dismutase, and glutathione transferase activity in cells transfected with a copper-zinc superoxide dismutase expression vector. Explanation for variations in paraquat resistance. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265(19): 10872-10875

Nakamura, T.; Prewitt, R.L. 1992: Alteration of endothelial function in arterioles of renal hypertensive rats at two levels of vascular tone. Journal of Hypertension 10(7): 621-627

Douglas, K.T. 1992: Alteration of enzyme specificity and catalysis. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 3(4): 370-377

Pigeolet, E.; Remacle, J. 1991: Alteration of enzymes in ageing human fibroblasts in culture. V. Mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase modification. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 58(1): 93-109

Coleman, R.A.; Hiremagalur, B.K.; Trachman, J.; Bardes, E.S G.; Rao, P.; Patel, M.S. 1992: Alteration of enzymes of hepatic glycerolipid synthesis in artificially reared rat pups fed high carbohydrate and high fat diets. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 3(3): 129-134

Okada, E. 1988: Alteration of epicardial lymphatics in lymphostatic canine hearts. Heart and Vessels 4(4): 215-220

Huang, A.J.; Tseng, S.C.; Kenyon, K.R. 1990: Alteration of epithelial paracellular permeability during corneal epithelial wound healing. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 31(3): 429-435

Inoue, F.; Matsuyama, R.; Yoneyama, S. 1989: Alteration of erythrocyte membrane proteins in a family with hereditary spherocytosis. Nihon Ketsueki Gakkai Zasshi: Journal of Japan Haematological Society 52(7): 1122-1127

Peters, J.L.; Castillo, F.J.; Heath, R.L. 1989: Alteration of Extracellular Enzymes in Pinto Bean Leaves upon Exposure to Air Pollutants, Ozone and Sulfur Dioxide. Plant Physiology 89(1): 159-164

Barnett, J.B.; Blaylock, B.L.; Gandy, J.; Menna, J.H.; Denton, R.; Soderberg, L.S. 1990: Alteration of fetal liver colony formation by prenatal chlordane exposure. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology: Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology 15(4): 820-822

Okamura, K.; Tanigawara, S.; Shintaku, Y.; Watanabe, T.; Endoh, H.; Akiyama, N.; Iwamoto, M.; Saito, J.; Akagi, K.; Yajima, A. 1989: Alteration of FHR pattern and cerebral metabolic rate of glucose of the fetus measured by positron emission tomography during progress of acidemia. The significance of overshoot acceleration in FHR. Journal of Perinatal Medicine 17(4): 289-295

Zhong Y.; Wu C F. 1991: Alteration of four identified potassium currents in drosophila muscle by mutations in eag. Science 252(5012): 1562-1564

Uchida, H. 1990: Alteration of glycoprotein metabolism in rat gastric mucosa following the application of cold restraint. Journal of Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine 99(3): 415-430

Singh, M.; Rath, H.J. 1989: Alteration of gravitational field effect on sedimentation of erythrocytes by inhomogeneous magnetic field. Applied Microgravity Technology 2(1): 45-48

Petronio, B.M.; Ferri, T.; Pupella, A. 1990: Alteration of heavy metal speciation in urban sludges induced by microorganisms. Annali di Chimica 80(9-10): 431-444

Castle, M.C. 1989: Alteration of hepatic carboxylesterase activity by soman: inhibition in vitro and enhancement in vivo. Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems 19(1): 115-121

Elgin, J.; Jovanovich, L.; Vahed, S.; Khan, M.A.Q. 1990: Alteration of hepatic lipid by mirex in rats. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 38(3): 273-285

Howell, S.R.; Christian, J.E.; Isom, G.E. 1989: Alteration of hepatic lipid metabolism by combined toluene ethanol exposure. Research Communications in Substances of Abuse 10(2): 81-94

Dorsett, D.; Viglianti, G.A.; Rutledge, B.J.; Meselson, M. 1989: Alteration of hsp82 gene expression by the gypsy transposon and suppressor genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes and Development 3(4): 454-468

Weissman, S.S.; Char, D.H.; Herbort, C.P.; Ostler, H.B.; Kaleta-Michaels, S. 1992: Alteration of human conjunctival epithelial proliferation. Archives of Ophthalmology 110(3): 357-359

Negi, M.; Park, J.K.; Ogawa, H. 1990: Alteration of human epidermal transglutaminase during its activation. Journal of Dermatological Science 1(3): 167-171

Shakarjian, M.P.; Carchman, R.A. 1990: Alteration of human granulocyte functional responses by menadione. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 283(1): 1-11

Yamamoto, S.; Honna, T.; Miyata, O.; Takata, H. 1989: Alteration of humus characteristics on the extraction by heating with alkaline solvent. Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University 42: 1-6

Zöller, M. 1990: Alteration of idiotypic connectivity in prenatally tolerized neonatal mice. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology 31(5): 619-629

Glagasigij, U.; Sato, Y.; Suzuki, Y. 1988: Alteration of immunolysis reaction on liposome membrane by various cholesterol analogues. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 36(10): 4192-4198

Somers, S.D.; Chapkin, R.S.; Erickson, K.L. 1989: Alteration of in vitro murine peritoneal macrophage function by dietary enrichment with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in menhaden fish oil. Cellular Immunology 123(1): 201-211

Elphick, M.; Taghavi, Z.; Powell, T.; Godfrey, P.P. 1988: Alteration of inositol phospholipid metabolism in rat cortex by lithium but not carbamazepine. European Journal of Pharmacology 156(3): 411-414

Yoshino, H. 1990: Alteration of insulin receptors in the liver of the goldthioglucose obese mouse with insulin resistance. Journal of Tokyo Women's Medical College 60(4): 331-341

Kimura, S. 1990: Alteration of intercompartmental pathophysiological changes in the brain tissue following epidural cerebral compression. Nichidai Igaku Zasshi 49(4): 425-436

Penn, R.L.; Nguyen, V.Q.; Berg, R.D.; Specian, R.D.; Stevens, P. 1990: Alteration of intestinal microbial ecology in mice by recombinant interleukin 2. Current Microbiology 21(6): 381-386

Kucera, J.; Walro, J. 1989: Alteration of intrafusal bundle composition by nerve crush in neonatal rats. Neuroscience Letters 105(1-2): 52-56

Whetsell, W.O.; Allen, G.S.; Tulipan, N.B. 1989: Alteration of kainic acid and quinolinic acid toxicity by neostriatal transplants in vitro. Neuroscience Letters 96(1): 18-22

Lim R.W.L.; Ip Y.K. 1991: Alteration of kinetic properties of pyruvate kinase in phascolosoma arcuatum sipunculida exposed to environmental anoxia. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 152(1): 123-134

Scheggia, C.; Prisco, A.E.; Dey, P.M.; Daleo, G.R.; Lezica, R.P. 1988: Alteration of lectin pattern in potato tuber by virus x. Plant Science 58(1): 9-14

Pagel, P.S.; Kampine, J.P.; Schmeling, W.T.; Warltier, D.C. 1991: Alteration of left ventricular diastolic function by desflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in the chronically instrumented dog with autonomic nervous system blockade. Anesthesiology 74(6): 1103-1114

Delamere, N.A.; Paterson, C.A.; Borchman, D.B.; Hensley, S.K. 1988: Alteration of lens electrolyte transport parameters following transient oxidative perturbation. Current Eye Research 7(10): 969-979

Bencsath, M.; Pick, J.; Csaba, G. 1991: Alteration of lipid composition in two taxa of tetrahymena by first and repeated insulin treatment. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B 98(2-3): 233-238

Stepanov, S.A.; Yusupova, I.U.; Grozdov, S.P. 1988: Alteration of lipid metabolism in rats with intestinal syndrome of radiation sickness in conditions of parenteral feeding with lipifundin and infusolipol. Radiobiologiya 28(6): 775-779

Vetter, R.; Dai, J.; Panagia, V.; Dhalla, N.S. 1990: Alteration of lipid methylation by oleic acid in rat heart sarcolemma. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 170(2): 810-816

Szekeres-Bartho, J.; Szabo, J.; Kovacs, L. 1989: Alteration of lymphocyte reactivity in pregnant women treated with the progesterone receptor inhibitor ZK 98734. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 21(2): 46-49

Schneebaum, S.; Klein, E.; Passwell, J.H.; Modan, M.; Kariv, N.; Ben-Ari, G. 1991: Alteration of macrophage activity in experimental septic shock in the rabbit. Archives Internationales de Physiologie de Biochimie et de Biophysique 99(1): 61-65

Raboy, V.; Below, F.E.; Dickinson, D.B. 1989: Alteration of maize kernel phytic acid levels by recurrent selection of protein and oil. Journal of Heredity 80(4): 311-315

Marquardt, D.L.; Walker, L.L. 1988: Alteration of mast cell responsiveness to adenosine by pertussis toxin. Biochemical Pharmacology 37(20): 4019-4025

Moon, K.Y.; Shin, K.S.; Kang M S. 1990: Alteration of matrix assembly receptor for fibronectin during chick myogenesis. Korean Journal of Zoology 33(1): 108-118

Engel, E.; Kleeberg, U.R.; Dietel, M.; Bröcker, E.B.; Carrel, S. 1989: Alteration of melanoma cell phenotype following in vitro culturing and exposure to cytostatic agents. Anticancer Research 9(4): 873-877

Caron, J.M. 1989: Alteration of microtubule physiology in hepatocytes by insulin. Journal of Cellular Physiology 138(3): 603-610

Alsip, N.L.; Schuschke, D.A.; Wead, W.B.; Harris, P.D. 1992: Alteration of microvascular responses to serotonin in the diabetic rat. International Journal of Microcirculation Clinical and Experimental 11(3): 263-275

Kim Y J.; Shin Y K.; Lee C S. 1990: Alteration of monoamine oxidase activity in mitochondria of rat cerebral cortex by physicochemical influence. Chung-Ang Journal of Medicine 15(3): 223-230

Katayama, S.; Kito, S.; Yamamura, Y.; Tahara, E.; Kanazawa, I. 1990: Alteration of muscarinic receptor subtypes in CA1 field of hippocampus in senile dementia of Alzheimer type: an autoradiographic study. Hiroshima Journal of Medical Sciences 39(4): 119-124

Hirata, I.; Hayashi, K.; Asada, S.; Miyoshi, H.; Iwakoshi, K.; Ohshiba, S. 1990: Alteration of natural killer cell subsets (two color analysis) and their activity in peripheral blood in inflammatory bowel disease. Bulletin of the Osaka Medical College 36(1-2): 47-55

Thompson, P.M.; Zebrowski, G.; Neuman, R.S. 1991: Alteration of neocortical activity in response to noxious stimulation: participation of the dorsal raphe. Neuropharmacology 30(2): 135-141

Ryan, L.J.; Clark, K.B. 1992: Alteration of neuronal responses in the subthalamic nucleus following globus pallidus and neostriatal lesions in rats. Brain Research Bulletin 29(3-4): 319-327

Pour, P.M.; Bell, R.H. 1989: Alteration of pancreatic endocrine cell patterns and their secretion during pancreatic carcinogenesis in the hamster model. Cancer Research 49(22): 6396-6400

Pierre, J.; Boisivon, A.; Gutmann, L. 1990: Alteration of PBP 3 entails resistance to imipenem in Listeria monocytogenes. Antimicrobial Agents and ChemoTherapy 34(9): 1695-1698

Li, X.Z.; Wang, Y.S.; He, Z.N. 1988: Alteration of permeability of bacterial envelope barrier in rifamdin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Hua Xi Yi Ke da Xue Xue Bao 19(4): 388-391

Berti-Mattera, L.N.; Lowery, J.; Day, S.F.; Peterson, R.G.; Eichberg, J. 1989: Alteration of phosphoinositide metabolism, protein phosphorylation, and carbohydrate levels in sciatic nerve from Wistar fatty diabetic rats. Diabetes 38(3): 373-378

Hinga, K.R. 1989: Alteration of phosphorus dynamics during experimental eutrophication of enclosed marine ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin 20(12): 624-628

Bruce, E.N.; Mitra, J.; Cherniack, N.S.; Romaniuk, J.R. 1991: Alteration of phrenic high frequency oscillation by local cooling of the ventral medullary surface. Brain Research 538(2): 211-214

Magel, E.; Höll, W.; Ziegler, H. 1990: Alteration of physiological parameters in needles of cloned spruce trees (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) by ozone and acid mist. Environmental Pollution 64(3-4): 337-345

Morton, D.J. 1990: Alteration of plasma cation levels in rats kept in constant light. Journal of Pineal Research 9(2): 95-101

Scheffler, E.; Huber, L.; Frühbis, J.; Schulz, I.; Ziegler, R.; Dresel, H.A. 1990: Alteration of plasma low density lipoprotein from smokers. Atherosclerosis 82(3): 261-265

Fujita, S.; Chiba, M.; Ohta, M.; Kitani, K.; Suzuki, T. 1990: Alteration of plasma sex hormone levels associated with old age and its effect on hepatic drug metabolism in rats. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 253(1): 369-374

Ni, H.Y.; Deng, C.G.; Ruan, H.F.; Pam, C.F.; Li, H.R.; Gon, D.Q. 1988: Alteration of platelet function in myeloproliferative disorder and its clinical significance. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 19(3): 312-316

Shin J H.; Lee C S.; Han E S.; Shin Y K.; Lee K S. 1989: Alteration of pmn leukocyte function by the change of sulfhydryl group and metabolism of membrane components. Korean Journal of Pharmacology 25(1): 75-86

Mcdaniel, G.L.; Graham, E.T.; Maleug, K.R. 1990: Alteration of poinsettia stem anatomy by growth retarding chemicals. HortScience 25(4): 433-435

Alfonso, M.; Marco, J.; Balvis, I.A.; Venta, R. 1989: Alteration of prolactin levels by ethanol administration on diestrus 2. Revista Espanola de Fisiologia 45(Suppl): 79-86

Yokoyama, M. 1990: Alteration of prolactin secretion after transsphenoidal adenomectomy for prolactinomas. No to Shinkei 42(8): 773-779

Thalhamer, J.; Lenglachner, C.; Grillenberger, W.; Pimpl, W. 1989: Alteration of proliferation and subtle changes of protein synthesis in autologous transplanted spleens. Annals of Surgery 210(5): 630-636

Yasuhara, M.; Yatsuzuka, A.; Yamada, K.; Okumura, K.; Hori, R.; Sakurai, T.; Kawai, C. 1990: Alteration of propranolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics by quinidine in man. Journal of Pharmacobio-Dynamics 13(11): 681-687

Roll, J.P.; Vedel, J.P.; Ribot, E. 1989: Alteration of proprioceptive messages induced by tendon vibration in man: a microneurographic study. Experimental Brain Research 76(1): 213-222

Ishizawa, Y.; Dohi, S. 1989: Alteration of pulmonary oxygenation by pulmonary artery occluded pressure measurements in mechanically ventilated patients. Chest 96(2): 367-371

Brady, J.F.; Xiao, F.; Gapac, J.M.; Ning, S.M.; Yang, C.S. 1990: Alteration of rat liver microsomal monooxygenase activities by gasoline treatment. Archives of Toxicology 64(8): 677-679

Otsu, K.; Kato, S.; Ohtake, K.; Akamatsu, N. 1992: Alteration of rat liver proteoglycans during regeneration. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 294(2): 544-549

Kobayashi, S. 1989: Alteration of regional calcium and energy metabolism in ischemic neuronal injury. Nihon Geka Hokan. Archiv für Japanische Chirurgie 58(1): 43-58

Link, D.P.; Lantz, B.M.; Swanson, M.; Tesluk, H. 1988: Alteration of renal blood flow during sequential embolization of the canine kidney. Acta Radiologica 29(6): 727-729

Camiña, M.F.; Rozas, I.; Castro-Gago, M.; Paz, J.M.; Alonso, C.; Rodriguez-Segade, S. 1991: Alteration of renal carnitine metabolism by anticonvulsant treatment. Neurology 41(9): 1444-1448

Shirota, T.; Shinoda, T.; Yamada, T.; Aizawa, T. 1992: Alteration of renal function in hyperthyroidism: increased tubular secretion of creatinine and decreased distal tubule delivery of chloride. Metabolism, Clinical and Experimental 41(4): 402-405

Schaper, M.; Detwiler, K.; Alarie, Y. 1989: Alteration of respiratory cycle timing by propranolol. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 97(3): 538-547

Emmanual, J.; Emmanual, J.G.; Koeneman, J.B. 1989: Alteration of retrieved implants in vitro by processing and infiltrating fluids. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23(A3 (Suppl): 337-347

Maehira, F.; Nakada, F.; Hirayama, K. 1990: Alteration of salicylate binding to serum protein in allergic subjects. Clinical Physiology and Biochemistry 8(6): 322-332

Forsyth, D.J.; James, M.R.; Cryer, M. 1990: Alteration of seasonal and diel patterns in vertical migration of zooplankton by anabaena and planktivorous fish. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 117(4): 385-404

Araki, T.; Kato, H.; Kogure, K. 1991: Alteration of second messenger systems after transient cerebral ischemia in gerbils: protective effect of pentobarbital and an autoradiographic analysis. Neuroscience Letters 130(1): 57-60

Nakamura, K.; Okada, K.; Nakamoto, T.; Okada, M. 1990: Alteration of seminal plasma transferrin concentration in infertile man. Journal of Saitama Medical School 17(3): 291-294

Ehrlich, H.J.; Gebbink, R.K.; Keijer, J.; Linders, M.; Preissner, K.T.; Pannekoek, H. 1990: Alteration of serpin specificity by a protein cofactor. Vitronectin endows plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 with thrombin inhibitory properties. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265(22): 13029-13035

Hu M.; Wu H.; Chao C.; Huang H. 1991: Alteration of serum testosterone estradiol luteinizing hormone fsh and prolactin in male patients with late stage of liver cirrhosis. Hunan Yike Daxue Xuebao 16(2): 171-174

Kucey, R.M.N. 1988: Alteration of size of wheat root systems and nitrogen fixation by associative nitrogen fixing bacteria measured under field conditions. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34(6): 735-739

Murphy, V.A.; Johanson, C.E. 1989: Alteration of sodium transport by the choroid plexus with amiloride. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 979(2): 187-192

James, M.I. 1990: Alteration of split skin graft contraction with a synthetic dressing. European Journal of Plastic Surgery 13(3): 97-100

Lygin, A.V.; Gordon, L.Kh; Alekseeva, V.Ya; Balashova, T.K. 1990: Alteration of sterol content and fatty acid composition in phospholipids of excised wheat roots during adaptive aging. Fiziologiya i Biokhimiya Kul'turnykh Rastenii 22(6): 581-586

Shimizu, H.; Shimomura, Y.; Uehara, Y.; Takahashi, S.; Kobayashi, I.; Kobayashi, S. 1989: Alteration of striatal monoamine metabolism in the early stage of experimental diabetes. Biogenic Amines 6(6): 591-596

O'Connor, K.C.; Schütz, H.J.; Bailey, J.E. 1989: Alteration of substrate regulation patterns in glutamate dehydrogenase by enzyme immobilization. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33(7): 896-905

Naruse, Y. 1990: Alteration of sympathetic nervous activity after foot shock stress in shr on a chronic low sodium diet. Nichidai Igaku Zasshi 49(5): 453-462

Watanabe, Y.; Hayashi, H.; Nishimura, T.; Yoshimura, Y.; Shibuya, T. 1992: Alteration of synaptosomal membrane bound calcium levels in the different brain regions under pentobarbital and ethanol induced hypnosis. Neurosciences 18(1): 37-42

Rivers, J.T.; Norris, R.M.; Cross, D.B. 1990: Alteration of systolic and postsystolic shortening in ischemic and stunned canine myocardium by isoproterenol or calcium. Coronary Artery Disease 1(5): 597-608

Herrmann, A.; Devaux, P.F. 1990: Alteration of the aminophospholipid translocase activity during in vivo and artificial aging of human erythrocytes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1027(1): 41-46

Kenny, J.J.; Finkelman, F.; Macchiarini, F.; Kopp, W.C.; Storb, U.; Longo, D.L. 1989: Alteration of the B cell surface phenotype, immune response to phosphocholine and the B cell repertoire in M167 mu plus kappa transgenic mice. Journal of Immunology 142(12): 4466-4474

Forney, L.J.; Wong, D.C. 1989: Alteration of the catalytic efficiency of penicillin amidase from Escherichia coli. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 55(10): 2556-2560

Lemire, E.G.; Percy, J.A.; Correia, J.M.; Crowther, B.M.; Nargang, F.E. 1991: Alteration of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 gene in the exn 5 mutant of neurospora crassa. Current Genetics 20(1-2): 121-128

Pohorecky, L.A.; Roberts, P.; Cotler, S.; Carbone, J.J. 1989: Alteration of the effects of caffeine by prenatal stress. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 33(1): 55-62

Liu, S.C.; Derick, L.H.; Agre, P.; Palek, J. 1990: Alteration of the erythrocyte membrane skeletal ultrastructure in hereditary spherocytosis, hereditary elliptocytosis, and pyropoikilocytosis. Blood 76(1): 198-205

Iutinskaya, G.A.; Ivanova, N.I. 1990: Alteration of the functional structure of microbial communities from soils of the southern ukraine ussr following their sideration. Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 52(6): 43-49

Mogi, M.; Kitajima, M.; Kiuchi, T.; Kawakami, H.; Hirano, H. 1990: Alteration of the gastric mucosal glycoprotein in stress. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi Japanese Journal of Gastro-Enterology 87(5): 1131-1138

Tabone, E.; Latour, J.F.; Mignot, A.; Ranchere, J.Y. 1991: Alteration of the inner surface of venous catheters by antineoplastic drugs. Biomaterials 12(8): 741-746

Mitsumori, M.; Hayakawa, K.; Okuno, Y.; Torizuka, T.; Abe, M. 1992: Alteration of the ionized calcium level in coronary sinus blood during coronary arteriography. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi. Nippon Acta Radiologica 52(1): 23-27

Hubler, L.; Leventhal, P.S.; Bertics, P.J. 1992: Alteration of the kinetic properties of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase by basic proteins. Biochemical Journal 281: 107-114

Vivares, C.P.; Bounias, M.; Nizeyimana, B. 1989: Alteration of the lipid carbohydrate functional relationship in aedes aegypti submitted to the delta endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis israelensis. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 34(1): 86-91

Ricci, J.C.; Woodford, B.J.; Kirschvink, J.L.; Hoffmann, M.R. 1991: Alteration of the Magnetic Properties of Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum by a Pulse Magnetization Technique. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57(11): 3248-3254

Nash, G.B.; Boghossian, S.; Parmar, J.; Dormandy, J.A.; Bevan, D. 1989: Alteration of the mechanical properties of sickle cells by repetitive deoxygenation: role of calcium and the effects of calcium blockers. British Journal of Haematology 72(2): 260-264

Matveev, V.V. 1991: Alteration of the mice colonocyte adhesion under short period action of antioxidants and n methyl n nitrosourea. Eksperimental'naya Onkologiya 13(4): 70-74

Diociaiuti, M.; Molinari, A.; Calcabrini, A.; Arancia, G.; Isacchi, G.; Bordi, F.; Cametti, C. 1991: Alteration of the passive electrical properties of adriamycin treated red cell membrane deduced from dielectric spectroscopy. Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 26(2): 177-192

Raju, U.; Koumenis, C.; Nunez-Regueiro, M.; Eskin, A. 1991: Alteration of the phase and period of a circadian oscillator by a reversible transcription inhibitor. Science 253(5020): 673-675

Savabi, F.; Kirsch, A. 1991: Alteration of the phosphocreatine energy shuttle components in diabetic rat heart. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 23(11): 1323-1333

Heacock, P.N.; Dowhan, W. 1989: Alteration of the phospholipid composition of Escherichia coli through genetic manipulation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 264(25): 14972-14977

Lepsien, G.; Lepsien, K. 1989: Alteration of the pressure response of the lower esophageal sphincter to food ingestion after different types of gastric surgery. Digestive Surgery 6(2): 62-65

Ramirez, J.M.; Pearson, K.G. 1989: Alteration of the respiratory system at the onset of locust flight i. abdominal pumping. Journal of Experimental Biology 142: 401-424

Bonneau, P.R.; Graycar, T.P.; Estell, D.A.; Jones, J.B. 1991: Alteration of the specificity of subtilisin bpn' by site directed mutagenesis in its s 1 and s 1' binding sites. Journal of the American Chemical Society 113(3): 1026-1030

Froman, D.P.; Engel, H.N. 1989: Alteration of the spermatozoal glycocalyx and its effect on duration of fertility in the fowl (Gallus domesticus). Biology of Reproduction 40(3): 615-621

Rossi, J.A.; Bruschi, L.C. 1989: Alteration of the submandibular glands of female mice during pregnancy and lactation. A histological, histometric and histochemical study. Acta Morphologica Hungarica 37(3-4): 135-145

Spencer, R.L.; Hruby, V.J.; Burks, T.F. 1990: Alteration of thermoregulatory set point with opioid agonists. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 252(2): 696-705

Meuwly, P.; Rauser, W.E. 1992: Alteration of thiol pools in roots and shoots of maize seedlings exposed to cadmium : adaptation and developmental cost. Plant Physiology 99(1): 8-15