Indeterminate leprosy: histopathologic and histochemical predictive parameters involved in its possible change to paucibacillary or multibacillary leprosy
Takahashi, M.D.; Andrade, H.F.; Wakamatsu, A.; Siqueira, S.; De Brito, T.
International Journal of Leprosy and other Mycobacterial Diseases Official Organ of the International Leprosy Association 59(1): 12-19
1991
ISSN/ISBN: 0148-916X PMID: 2030308 Accession: 007448040
In an attempt to find clinical, bacteriological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical parameters to predict the progress of indeterminate leprosy patients to either paucibacillary (PB) or multibacillary (MB) leproxy, skin biopsies from 51 patients with indeterminate leprosy were retrieved from the files of the Sao Paulo Health Institute (Brazil). All of these patients had progressed to either PB or MB leprosy over a period of time which varied from 2 months to 24 years. Clinical records were examined, and new sections were cut from the paraffin blocks and stained by hematoxylin-eosin and Fite-Faraco stains; the avidin-biotin peroxidase technique was used with primary antibodies to detect bacillary antigens (anti-BCG serum) and nerve branches (anti-S-100 protein anti-serum). A moderate (++) or strongly positive (+++) Mitsuda skin test was observed in some patients progressing to PB leprosy. Noteworthy is that even patients initially Mitsuda negative may evolve to PB leprosy. a) A 2+ bacterial index and/or the presence of bacilli, even though few in number, in various dermal structures; b) multiple positive antigen sites as detected by anti-BCG anti-serum; and c) dermal nerve involvement, when evaluated as single parameters, correlated with a progression of indeterminate to MB leprosy. An index resulting from the summation of the above three parameters identified 13 (72%) of 18 of these cases which progressed to MB leprosy.