Nasal absorption in rats ii. effect of enhancers on insulin absorption and nasal histology
Chandler, S.G.; Illum, L.; Thomas, N.W.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics 76(1-2): 61-70
1991
ISSN/ISBN: 0378-5173 DOI: 10.1016/0378-5173(91)90344-n
Accession: 007582453
Intranasal formulations have been investigated using a combined absorption and histological model to determine the effects of different absorption enhancers on insulin uptake and nasal epithelium integrity. Based on changes in blood glucose levels, enhancers were ranked according to their insulin absorption promoting effect, while qualitative histological assessment enabled ranking according to the severity of epithelium disruption. Despite a close relationship between the two effects, removal of the epithelial barrier was not considered to be the only mechanism of action for all of the enhancers studied and other factors require further investigation. The model used enables early assessment of compounds from both an enhancing efficiency and toxicological standpoint.