Risk factors and outcome of subtypes of ischemic stroke. Data from a multicenter multinational hospital-based registry. The European Community Stroke Project
Di Carlo, A.; Lamassa, M.; Baldereschi, M.; Pracucci, G.; Consoli, D.; Wolfe, C.D.A.; Giroud, M.; Rudd, A.; Burger, I.; Ghetti, A.; Inzitari, D.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences 244(1-2): 143-150
2006
ISSN/ISBN: 0022-510X PMID: 16530226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.01.016
Accession: 012520996
Information on determinants and prognosis of ischemic stroke subtypes is scarce. We aimed at evaluating risk factors, pathogenesis, treatment and outcome of different ischemic stroke subtypes. In a European Concerted Action involving seven countries, ischemic stroke subtypes defined according to the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) were evaluated for demographics, baseline risk factors, resource use, 3-month survival, disability (Barthel Index) and handicap (Rankin Scale). During the 12-month study period, cerebral infarction was diagnosed in 2740 patients with first-in-a-lifetime stroke (mean age 70.5+/-12.4 years, 53.4% males). OCSP classification was achieved in 2472 (90.2%). Of these, 26.7% were total anterior circulation infarctions (TACI), 29.9% partial anterior circulation infarctions (PACI), 16.7% posterior circulation infarctions (POCI) and 26.7% lacunar infarctions (LACI). In multivariate analysis, atrial fibrillation was predictive of TACI (odds ratio [OR], 1.61; 95% CI, 1.28-2.03), hypertension (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16-1.65) and myocardial infarction (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.08-1.86) predictive of PACI, hypertension (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) predictive of LACI. A negative association was observed between TACI and hypertension (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.42-0.61). Discharge home was 50% less probable in TACI and PACI than in LACI patients. As compared to LACI, TACI significantly increased the risk of 3-month death (OR, 5.73; 95% CI, 3.91-8.41), disability (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 2.30-4.66) and handicap (OR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.91-3.85). Ischemic stroke subtypes have different risk factors profile, with consequences on pathogenesis and prognosis. Information on determinants of the clinical syndromes may impact on prevention and acute-phase interventions.