Complete remission following chemotherapy with low-dose cytosine arabinoside and macrophage colony-stimulating factor/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a patient with relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after stem cell transplantation
Okada, K.; Higashiyama, A.; Takahata, M.; Onozawa, M.; Kahata, K.; Ando, S.; Tanaka, J.; Hashino, S.; Imamura, M.
Internal Medicine 51(20): 2937-2941
2012
ISSN/ISBN: 1349-7235
PMID: 23064572
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7933
Accession: 052260052
The prognosis of patients who relapse with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after undergoing stem cell transplantation (SCT) is poor. There exist some treatments for relapsed AML; however, almost all treatments are associated with a high level of regimen-related toxicities (RRTs). The RRT of donor lymphocyte infusion is lower than that of other treatments; however, the efficacy of this treatment in treating patients with relapsed AML is lower than that observed in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. We herein report a case of relapsed AML after SCT in a 65-year-old man. We performed donor lymphocyte infusion; however, it was not effective. We then administered chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and macrophage colony-stimulating factor/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and complete remission was achieved. Since graft-versus-host disease occurred after the administration of low-dose chemotherapy in this case, we speculated that the chemotherapy induced a graft-versus-leukemia effect.