Factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among men in Rakai, Uganda
Tobian, A.A.R.; Charvat, B.; Ssempijja, V.; Kigozi, G.; Serwadda, D.; Makumbi, F.; Iga, B.; Laeyendecker, O.; Riedesel, M.; Oliver, A.; Chen, M.Z.; Reynolds, S.J.; Wawer, M.J.; Gray, R.H.; Quinn, T.C.
Journal of Infectious Diseases 199(7): 945-949
2009
ISSN/ISBN: 0022-1899
PMID: 19220138
DOI: 10.1086/597074
Accession: 053194900
Little is known about risk factors for incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection among men in Africa. In a trial in Rakai, Uganda, 6396 men aged 15-49 years were evaluated for serological evidence of HSV-2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis infections at enrollment and at 6, 12, and 24 months. The prevalence of HSV-2 infection was 33.76%, and the incidence was 4.90 cases per 100 person-years. HSV-2 incidence increased with alcohol use with sexual intercourse (adjusted incidence rate ratio [adjIRR], 1.92 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.46-2.53]), decreased with consistent condom use (adjIRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.89]) and male circumcision (adjIRR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), and was not significantly affected by enrollment HIV status. Education on modifiable behavioral changes may reduce the acquisition of HSV-2. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00425984 and NCT00124878 .).