Single Lesion on Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-ligand Positron Emission Tomography and Low Prostate-specific Antigen Are Prognostic Factors for a Favorable Biochemical Response to Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-targeted Radioguided Surgery in Recurrent Prostate Cancer
Horn, T.; Krönke, M.; Rauscher, I.; Haller, B.; Robu, S.; Wester, H.-J.ür.; Schottelius, M.; van Leeuwen, F.W.B.; van der Poel, H.G.; Heck, M.; Gschwend, J.ür.E.; Weber, W.; Eiber, M.; Maurer, T.
European Urology 76(4): 517-523
2019
ISSN/ISBN: 1873-7560
PMID: 30987843
DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2019.03.045
Accession: 066693716
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-ligand positron emission tomography (PET) allows detection of metastatic prostate cancer (PC) lesions at low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values. To facilitate their intraoperative detection during salvage surgery, we recently introduced PSMA-targeted radioguided surgery (RGS). To describe the outcome of a large cohort of patients treated with PSMA-targeted RGS and to establish prognostic factors. A total of 121 consecutive patients with recurrent PC as defined by PSMA-ligand PET (median PSA: 1.13ng/ml) underwent PSMA-targeted RGS. The frequency of a complete biochemical response (cBR; PSA <0.2ng/ml) without additional treatment and the duration of biochemical recurrence-free survival (bRFS, time from PSMA-targeted RGS with PSA <0.2ng/ml without further treatment) were evaluated and correlated with preoperatively available clinical variables. In almost all patients (120/121, 99%) metastatic tissue could be removed. A cBR was achieved in 77 patients (66%). The chance of cBR was highest in patients with both low preoperative PSA and a single lesion (38/45: 84%). Median bRFS was 6.4mo in the whole patient cohort and 19.8mo for patients with cBR. Significantly longer median bRFS was observed in patients with a low preoperative PSA value (p=0.004, hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.13-1.93) and with a single lesion in preoperative PSMA-ligand PET (14.0 vs 2.5mo, p=0.002). PSMA-targeted RGS leads to a remarkable interval of bRFS in a subset of patients. The frequency of cBR and the duration of bRFS were highest in patients with a low preoperative PSA value and a single lesion on PSMA-ligand PET. Prostate-specific membrane antigen radioguided surgery delays disease progression in selected patients with recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. Patients with a single lesion of recurrence and a low prostate-specific antigen value had the best outcome.