Effect of Long-Term Application of Fertilizers on the Agrochemical Parameters of Leached Chernozem and Crop Productivity
VOLYNKINA, O.V.; KIRILLOVA, E.V.; EMELYANOV, Y.U. Y.A.; KOPYLOV, A.N.
Agrarnyi vestnik Urala 2014(7): 15-21
2014
ISSN/ISBN: 1997-4868 Accession: 070493049
The article presents three experiments in Kurgan Agricultural Research Institute to study the composition and doses of mineral fertilizers. The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the agrochemical parameters of leached chernozem and on crop yields studied in long-term stationary experiments in different crop rotations. Were assessed indicators of soil fertility in different agrotechnology conditions for the central zone of the Kurgan region. Determination of optimal doses for crops in the development of fertilizers in crop rotation system, finding the right balance between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are usually attached to the key. The results allow the following conclusions regarding the performance leached chernozem strength and productivity of crops. Without fertilizer in four-course grain-row and grain-fallow crop rotations and monoculture wheat the humus content for 42 years was maintained at the initial level. Fertilizer doses N40-60P26 increased biomass and contributed to the reproduction of soil fertility due to entering the soil organic matter. In the corn - wheat, humus content in the soil decreased. In all three experiments, potential soil acidity increased significantly. In work were shown insignificant effect of fertilizer application on the process. Potassium content remained at baseline levels in all experiments. On leached chernozem, in fields with low available phosphorus in the soil, the addition of phosphorus fertilizer doses P15-20-30 to nitrogen is a necessary condition for an increase in productivity of agricultural crops. Plant-available phosphorus content method Chirikov is optimal at 70-80 mg/kg soil.