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Considerations in the use of processing fluids for the detection of PRRSV RNA and antibody

López, W.; Zimmerman, J.; Gauger, P.; Harmon, K.; Magtoto, R.; Bradner, L.; Holtkamp, D.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, J.; Ramirez, A.; Linhares, D.; Giménez-Lirola, L.

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Inc 34(5): 859-863

2022

ISSN/ISBN: 1943-4936
PMID: 35949154
Accession: 080181286

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Summary
Surveillance is mandatory for tracking the progress of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) control and elimination efforts in breeding herds. Processing fluids, the fluid recovered from tissues collected at castration and/or tail docking, are used for breeding herd surveillance by large segments of the industry, but the basic diagnostic characteristics of processing fluids are largely undescribed. We undertook 3 studies to address this information gap. In study 1, we found no differences among the PRRSV RT-rtPCR results obtained with 4 commercial RNA extraction kits. In study 2, we found that PRRSV RNA was highly stable in processing fluid samples at -20°C or 4°C, but detrimental effects were observed at ≥22°C within 24 h. In study 3, using a modified PRRSV ELISA at a sample:positive cutoff of ≥0.5, we found excellent discrimination in the detection of PRRSV antibody (IgM, IgA, IgG) in processing fluids from herds of known PRRSV status. Judicious handling of processing fluid samples from sow herds, and the use of methods available in veterinary diagnostic laboratories, can provide a foundation for reliable PRRSV surveillance.

References

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